Old and New Edinburgh

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xii OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH . ~ PACE Leith Roads. 1824 . . . . . . . 276 Tlu East and West Piers. Leith . . To facc pup 283 The Edinburgh Dock. Leith . . . . . . . 284 Views in Leith Docks: General Entrance to the Docks ; Albert Dock. looking north ; Queen’s Dock ; Albert Dock. looking east ; Victoria Dock 285 . . . . . . . . Inchkeith 293 Newhaven. from the Pier . . . . . . 296 Remaim of St . James’s Chapel. Newhaven . . 297 Main Street. Newhaven . . . . . . 300 Sculptured Stone. Newhaven . . . . . 301 Rev . Dr . Fairbairn . . . . . . . 304 Newhaven Fishwives . . . . . . . 305 Map of Granton and Neighbourhood . . . . 308 Caroliiie Park ; Ruins of Granton Castle ; East Pilton 309 Old Entrance to Royston (now Caroline Park). 1851 . 312 Granton Harbour and Pier . . . . . 313 Cramond . . . . . . Tofacepage 315 The “Twa Brigs. ”Cramond . . . . . 315 O!d Cramond Brig . . . . . . . 316 View below CramondBrig . . . . . . 317 Old Saughton Bridge ; Old Saughton House ; Earnton House; Cramond Church . . . . . 320 Coliiiton . . . . . . . . . . . 321 Dreghorn Castle . . . . . . . 324 MapoC the Environs of Edinburgh . . . . 325 PAGE The Battle or Camus Stone. Comiston . . . 326 Liberton . . . . . . To!are$o:e 327 finally Tawer . . . . . . . . 328 Liberton Tower . . . . . . . . 329 Niddrie House . . . . . . . . 332 LennaxTower . . . . . . . 3 533 Currie . . . . . . . . . 336 RullionGreen . . . . . . . 7 337 Inch House . . . . . . . . 340 Knight Teniplar’s Tomb. Currie Churchyard . . 331 Ednionstone House . . . . Gilmerton . . . . . . Drum House . . . . . Roslin Castle and Glen . + . Roslin Chapel : North Front . . Roslin Chapel : The Chancel i Roslin Chapel : The ‘“Prentice Pillar ‘ I Rcslin Chapel : View h n i the Chancel Lasswade . . . . . . . Roslin Chapel : Interior . . . Hawthornden. 1773 . . . . . Melville Castle. 1776. . . . . Hawthornden, 188j . i 8 Lasswadechurch. 1773 . s . Melville Castle. 1883 . . . . New Hailes House . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . To face p a p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > . . 341 344 345 348 349 3.52 353 356 357 357 358 360 361 363 364 365 ... . . . . . 320 Coliiiton . . . . . . . . . . . 321 Dreghorn Castle . . . . . . . 324 MapoC the Environs of ...

Vol. 6  p. 402 (Rel. 2.1)

Colinton.] JUNIPER GREEN. 323 when the village was occupied on the 18th August by ten companies of Monk’s Regiment (now the Coldstream Guards), of which Captain Gough of Berwick was lieutenant-colonel, and Captain Holmes of Newcastle, major, prior to the storming of the fortalices of Redhall and Colinton, before the 24th of the same month. (“Records: Cold. Guards.”) Redhall, in after years, was the patrimony of Captain John Inglis, of H.M.S. Be& pueux, who, at the battle of Camperdown, whq confused by the signals of the admiral, shouted with impatience to his sailing-master, ‘‘ Hang it, Jock ! doon wi’ the helm, and gang iicht into the middle o’t ! ” closing his telescope as he spoke. Old Colinton House was, at the period of the Protectorate, occupied by the Foulis family (now represented by that of Woodhall in the same parish) whose name is alleged to be a corruption of the Norman, as their arms are azure, their bay leaves uert, in old Norman called fed&. Be that as it may, the family is older than is stated by Sir Bernard Burke, as there were two senators of the College of Justice, each Lord Colinton respectively-James Foulis in 1532, and John Foulis in 1541; and there was a James. Fodlis of Colinton, who lived in the reigns of Mary and James VI., who married Apes Heriot of Lumphoy, whose tombstone is yet preserved in an aisle of Colinton Church, and bears this inscription :- HERE. LYES. ANE. HONORABIL. WOMAN. A. HERIOT. SPOVS. TO . J. FOULIS . OF . COLLINT3VN. VAS. QUHA . DEID . 8 . AUGUST. 1593. They had four sons-James, who succeeded to the estate; George, progenitor of the house of Ravelston ; David, progenitor of the English family of Ingleby Manor, Yorkshire ; and John, of ?he Leadhills, whose granddaughter became ancestress of the Earls of Hopetoun. Alexander Foulis, of Colinton, was created a baronet of Nova Scotia in 1634, and his son Sir James, whose house was stormed by the troops of Monk, having attended a convention of the estates in Angus, was betrayed into the hands of the English, together with the Earls of Leven, Crawford, Marischal, the Lord Ogilvy, and many others, who were surprised by a party of Cromwell’s cavalry, under Colonel Aldridge, on August, 1651, and taken as prisoners of war to London. He married Barbara Ainslie of Dolphinton, but, by a case reported by Sir James Dalrymple of Stair, in 1667, he would seem to have been in a treaty of marriage with Dame Margaret Erskine, Lady Tarbet, which led to a somewhat involved suit before the Lords of Council and Session. After the Restoration he was raised to the-Bench as Lord Colinton, and was succeeded by his son, also a Lord of Session, and a member of the last Scottish Parliament in 1707, the year of the Union. he joined the Duke of Hamilton, the Earl of Athol, and many others of the nobility and gentry, in their celebrated protest made by the Earl of Errol, respecting the most constitutional defence of the house of legislature, He also joined in the protest, which declared that an incorpotating union of the two nations was inconsistent with the honour of Scotland.” Further details of this family will be found in the account of Ravelston (p. 106). The mansions and villas of many other families are in this somewhat secluded district ; the principal one is perhaps the modern seat of the late Lord Dunfermline, on a beautifully wooded hill overhanging the village on the south. Colinton House was built by Sir William Forbes of Pitsligo, Bart. Near it, the remains of the old edifice, of the same name, form a kind of decorative ruin. Dreghorn Castle, a stately modern edifice, with a conspicuous round tower, is situated on the northern slope of the Pentlands, at an elevation of 489 feet above the sea. John Maclaurin, son of Colin Maclaurin, the eminent mathematician, was called to the bench as Lord Dreghorn. A learned correspondence, which took place in 17 go, between him, Lord Monboddo, and M. Le Chevalier, afterwards secretary to Talleyrand, on the site of Troy, will be found in the Scots Magazine for 1810. The name of this locality is very old, as among the missing crown charters of Robert II., is one confirming a lease by Alexander Meygners of Redhall, to Robert, Earl of Fife and Menteith, of the barony of Redhall in the shire of Edinburgh, except Dreghorn and Woodhall; and of the barony of Glendochart in Perthshire, during the said Earl’s life. In the early part of the eighteenth century it was the property of a family named Home. Near Woodhall, in the parish of Colinton, is the little modern village of Juniper Green, chiefly celebrated as being the temporary residence of Thomas Carlyle, some time after his marriage at Comely Bank, Stockbridge, where, as he tells us in his ‘‘ Reminiscences ” (edited by Mr. Froude), “his first experience in the difficulties of housekeeping began.” Carlyle’s state of health required perfect quiet, if not absolute solitude; but at Juniper Green, as at Comely Bank, their house was much frequented by the literary society of the day; and, among others, by Chalmers, Guthrie, and Lord Jeffrey, whose intimacy with Carlyle .rapidly increased after the first visit he paid him at Comely Bank. “He was much taken with my little -4fter that ... old edifice, of the same name, form a kind of decorative ruin. Dreghorn Castle , a stately modern edifice, ...

Vol. 6  p. 323 (Rel. 2)

324 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Colinton. Jeannie, as well he might be”-wrote Carlyle in 1867-“0ne of the brightest and cleverest creatures in the whole world; full of innocent rustic simplicity and variety, yet with the gracefullest discernment, and calmly natural deportment ; instinct with beauty to the finger-ends ! . , . Jeffrey’s acquaintanceship seemed, and was, for the . time, an immense acquisition to me, and everybody regarded it as my highest good fortune, though in the end it did not practically amount to much. from its resemblance to the Chinese petunse or kaolin, out of which the finest native china is made, it has obtained the name of Petunsepenibndica. Boulders of granite, gneiss, and other primitive rocks, lie on the very summits of the Pentlands, and jaspers of great beauty are frequently found there. These summits and glens, though possessing little wood, are generally verdant, and abound in beauty and boldness of contour. The fine pas- DREGHORN CASTLE, Meantime it was very pleasant, and made us feel as if no longer cut off and isolated, but fairly admitted, or like to be admitted, and taken in tow by the world and its actualities.” A portion of the beautiful Pentland range rises in the parish of Colinton. Cairketton Craigs on the boundary between it and Lasswade, the most northerly of the mountains, are 1,580 feet in height above the level of the Firth of Forth ; the Allermuir Hill and Capelaw Hill rise westward of it, with Castlelaw to the south, 1,595 feet in height. Cairketton Craigs are principally composed of clayey felspar, strongly impregnated with black oxide of iron. This substance, but for its inipregnation, would be highly useful to the potter, and tures sustain numerous flocks of sheep, and exhibit various landscapes of pleasing pastoral romance, whiie their general undulating outline alike arrests and delights the eye. The view from Torphin, one of the low heads of the Pentlands, is said to be exactly that of the vicinity of Athens, as seen from the base of Mount Anchesimus. “Close upon the right,” wrote Grecian Wliams, ‘‘ Brilessus is represented by the hills of Braid; before us in the dark and abrupt mass of the Castle rises the Acropolis; the hill of Lycabettus joined to that of Areopagus, appears in the Calton; in the Firth of Forth we behold the agean Sea ; in Inchkeith Bgina ; and the hills of the Peloponnesus are precisely those of the ... beauty and boldness of contour. The fine pas- DREGHORN CASTLE , Meantime it was very pleasant, and made ...

Vol. 6  p. 324 (Rel. 1.91)

did not correspond in paint of date with the shirts they accompanied.” Lord Napier died in 1823. His house, together with Nos. 70 and 72 (in the early part of the century the abode of John Mill, Esq., of Noranside), became afterwards one large private hotel, attached to the Hopetoun Rooms. In the former the late Duchess of Kent and others ff note frequently put up, and in the latter many important meetings and banquets have been held. Among these notably was the one given to Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton in 1854 on the occasion of his inauguration as President of the Associated Societies of the University. Sk William Stirling of Keir, M.P., occupied the chair, and the croupiers were Sir Jarnes Y. Simpson and Professor Blackie. When the army and navy were proposed, Professor -4ytoun facetiously responded for the latter as “ Admiral of Orkney,” being sheriff of those isles, and in reply to an eloquent address of Bulwer‘s, which he closed by coupling the health of CHAPTER XXI. THE STREETS CROSSING GEORGE STREET, AND THOSE PARALLEL WITH IT. Sir Archibald -4lison with the literature of Scotland, the latter replied, and introduced some political and anti-national remarks that caused disapprobation. The whole street front of the three houses is now occupied by the Edinburgh Educational Institution, or Ladies’ College, where above 1,000 pupils (under the care of the Merchant Company) receive a course of study embracing English, French, German, Latin, and all the usual branches of literature, to which are added calisthenics, dancing, needlework, and cookery. The edifice was opened in October, 1876, and has as life governor the Earl of Mar and Kellie. After the formation of Queen Street, the now beautiful gardens that lie between it and Heriot Row and Abercrombie Place were long a neglected waste. It was not until 1823 that they were enclosed by parapet walls and iron railings, and were laid out in pleasure-walks and shrubberies for the inhabitants of these lodties. Rose Street-Miss Bums and Bailie Creech-Sir Egerton high-Robert Pollok-Thistle Street-The Dispensary-Hill Stmt-Count d‘Albany-SL Andnw Street-Hugo Amot-David, Earl of Buchan-St. David Street-David Hum-Sir Walter Scott and Basil Hall- Hanover Street-% J. Gnham Dalyell-Offices of Association for the Improvement of the Poor-Frederick Strat-Granr of Corrimony- Castle Street-A Dinnu with Sir Wdter Scott-Skcne of Rubislaw-key N a p i e r a t l e Street and Charlotte Street. IN 1784 the magistrates made several deviations from the plan and elevations for building in the New Town; and at that time the names and designs for the two Meuse Lanes, running parallel with George Street, but on the south and north sides thereof, were changed to Rose Street and Thistle Street. These were accordingly built in an inferior style of architecture and of rougher work, for the accommodation of shopkeepers and others, with narrower lanes for stabling purposes behind them. Rose Street and Thistle Street lie thus on each side of the great central street of the first New Town, at the distance of zoo feet, and are, like it, 2,430 feet long, but only thirty broad. The first inhabitants were at least people of the respectable class; but one lady who resided in Rose Street in 1789 obtained a grotesque notoriety from the manner in which she became embroiled with the magistrates, and bad her named linked with that of Bailie-afterwards Lord Provost- Creech. Miss Burns was a native of Durham, where her father had been a man of wealth, but became unfortunate ; thus his family were thrown on the world. His daughter appeared in Edinburgh in 1789, when she had barely completed her twentieth year, and there ’her youth, her remarkable beauty, and the extreme length to which she camed the then extravagant mode of dress, .attracted such notice on the evening promenades that she was brought before the ’bailies at the instance of some of her neighbours, more particularly Lord Swinton,-who died in 1799, and whose back windows faced hers in Rose Street ; and she was banished the city, with the threat from Bailie Creech that if she returned she would get six months in the House of Correction, and thereafter be drummed out. Against this severe decision she appealed to the Court of Session, presenting a Bill of Suspension to the Lordordinary (Dreghorn), which was refused ; it came before the whole bench eventually, and “the court was pleased to remit to the Lord Ordinzry to pass the Bill.” The papers now became filled with squibs at the expense of Bailie Creech, and a London journal ... not correspond in paint of date with the shirts they accompanied.” Lord Napier died in 1823. His house, ...

Vol. 3  p. 158 (Rel. 1.1)

3 18 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [cogs. p. baronet of Nova Scotia by James VII., in 1687. The close of the family is thus recorded in the Scottish Register for 1795 :-“September I. At Cramond House, died Adam, Inglis, Esq., last surviving son af Sir John Inglis of Cramond, Bart. He was instructed in grammar and learning at the High School -and University of Edinburgh, and at the Warrington Academy in Lancashire ; studied law at Edinburgh, and was ca!led to thc bar in 1782. In May, 1794~ was appointed lieutenant of one of the Midlothian troops of cavalry, in which he paid the most assiduous attention to the raising and discipline of the men. On the 23rd August he was attacked with fever, and expired on the 1st September, in the thirty-fourth year of his age, unmarried.” Cramond House is now the seat of the Craigie-Halkett family. Some three miles south of Cramond lies the district of Gogar, an ancient and suppressed parish, a great portion of which is now included in that of Corstorphine Gogar signifies ‘‘ light,” according to some “etymological notices,” by Sir Janies Foulis of Colinton, probably from some signal given to an army, as there are, he adds, marks of a battle having taken p1ac.e to the westward‘; but his idea is much more probably deduced from the place named traditionally “ the Flashes,” the scene of Leslie’s repulse of Cromwell in 1650. The name is more probably Celtic The “ Ottadeni and Gadeni,” says a statistical writer, ‘‘ the British descendants of the first colonists, enjoyed their original land during the second century, and have left memorials of their existence in the names of the Forth, the Almond, the Esk, the Leith, the Gore, the Gogar, and of Cramond, Cockpen, Dreghorn,” etc. The church of Gogar was much older than that of Corstorphine, but was meant for a scanty population. A small part of it still exists, and after the Reformation was set apart as a burial-place for the lords of the manor. Gogar was bestowed by Robert Bruce on his trusty comrade in many a well-fought field, Sir Alexander Seton, one of the patriots who signed that famous letter to the Pope in 1330, asserting the independence of the Scots ;’ and vowing that so long as one hundred of them remained alive, they would never submit to the King of England. He was killed in battle at Kinghorn in 1332. Soon after this establishment the Parish of Gogar was acquired by the monks of Holyrood; but before the reign of James V. it had been constituted an independent rectory. In 1429 Sir John Forrester conferred its tithes on his collegiate church at Corstorphine, and made it one of the prebends there. In June, 1409, Walter Haliburton, of Dirleton, in a charter dated from that place, disposed of the lands and milne of Goga to his brother George. Among the witnesses were the Earls of March and Orkney, Robert of Lawder, and others. In 1516 the lands belonged to the Logans of Restalrig and others, and during the reign of James VI. were in possession of Sir Alexander Erskine, Master of Mar, appointed Governor of Edinburgh Castle in I 5 78. Though styled “the Master,” he was in reality the second son of John, twelfth Lord Erskine, and is stated by Douglas to have been an ancestor of the Earls of Kellie, and was Vice-ChamberIain of Scotland. His son, Sir Thomas Erskine, also of Gogar, was in 1606 created Viscount Fenton, and thirteen years afterwards Earl of Kellie and Lord Dirleton. In 1599, after vain efforts had been made by its few parishioners to raise sufficient funds for an idcumbent, the parish of Gogar was stripped of its independence ; and of the two villages of Nether Gogar and Gogar Stone, which it formerly contained, the latter has disappeared, and the popu- Iation of the former numbered a few years ago only twenty souls. Grey Cooper, of Gogar, was made a baronet ot Nova Scotia in 1638. In 1646 the estate belonged to his son Sir John Cooper, Bart., and in 1790 it was sold by Sir Grey Cooper, M.P., to the Ramsays, afterwards of Barnton. A Cooper of Gogar is said to have been one Df the first persons who appeared in the High Street of Edinburgh in a regular coach. They were, as already stated, baronets of 1638, and after them came the Myrtons of Gogar, baronets of 1701, md now extinct. On the muir of Gogar, in 1606, during the prevalence of a plape, certain little “ lodges” were built by James Lawriston, and two other persons named respectively David and George Hamilton, for the accommodation of the infected ; but these edifices were violently destroyed by Thomas Marjoribanks, a portioner of Ratho, on the plea that their erection was an invasion of his lands, yet the Lords of the Council ordered theni to be re-built’“ where they may have the best commodity of water,’’ as the said muir was common property. The Edinburgh Cowant for April, 1723, records that on the 30th of the preceding March, ‘‘ Mrs. Elizabeth Murray, lady toThomas Kincaid, younger, of Gogar Mains,” was found dead on the road from Edinburgh to that place, with all the appearance of having been barbarously murdered. ... 18 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [cogs. p. baronet of Nova Scotia by James VII., in 1687. The close of the family is ...

Vol. 6  p. 318 (Rel. 1.05)

ramparts castle scotts monument princes street mons meg edinburgh castle military barracks ... monument princes street mons meg edinburgh ...

Vol. 1  p. v (Rel. 1.02)

THE FREE CHURCH COLLEGE. 95 The Mound.] Much of all this was altered when the bank was enlarged, restored, and most effectively re-decorated by David Bryce, R.S.A., in 1868-70. It now presents a lofty, broad, and arch-based rear front of colossal proportions to Princes Street, from whence, and every other poiiit of view, it forms a conspicuous mass, standing boldly from among the many others that form the varied outline of the Old Town, and consists of the great old centre with new wings, surmounted by a fine dome, crowned by a gilded figure of Fame, seven feet high. In length the facade measures 175 feet; and 112 in height from the pavement in Bank Street to the summit, and is embellished all round with much force and variety, in details of a Grecian style. The height of the campanile towers is ninety feet. The bank has above seventy branches ; the subscribed capital in 1878 was A1,875,000 ; the paidup capital LI,Z~O,OOO. There are a governor (the Earl of Stair, K.T.), a deputy, twelve ordinary and twelve extra-ordinary directors. The Bank of Scotland issues drafts on other places in Scotland besides those in which it has branches, and also on the chief towns in England and Ireland, and it has correspondents throughout the whole continent of Europe, as well as in British America, the States, India, China, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and elsewhere-a ramification of business beyond the wildest dreams oi John Holland and the original projectors of the establishment in the old Bank Close in 1695. Concerning the Earthen Mound, the late Alex. ander Trotter of Dreghorn had a scheme foi joining the Qld Town to the New, and yet avoiding Bank Street, by sinking the upper end of the mound to the leve! of Princes Street, and carrying the Bank Street end of it eastward along the north of the Bank of Scotland, in the form of a handsomc terrace, and thence south into the High Street b) an opening right upon St. Giles’s Church. Thf next project was one by the late Sir Thomas Dick Lauder. He also proposed to bring down thc south end of the mound “to the level of Prince; Street, and then to cut a Roman arch through thc Lawnmarket and under the houses, so as to pas! on a level to George Square. This,” say! Cockburn, “was both practical and easy, but i was not expounded till too late.’’ Not far from the Bank of Scotland, in I( North Bank Street, ensconced among the might! mass of buildings that overlook the mound, arc the offices of the National Security Savings Ban1 of.Edinburgh, established under statute in 1836, an( certified in terms of the Act 26 and 27 Victoria cap. 87, managed by a chairman and cominittel I if management, the Bank of Scotland being reasurer. Of this most useful institution for the benefit of ,he thrifty poorer classes, suffice it to say, as a ample of its working, that on striking the yearly iccounts on the 20th of November, 1880, “the balance due to depositors was on that date &r,305,27g 14s. 7d., and that the assets at the same date were x1,3og,3g2 Ss., invested with the Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt, and A3,1o4 3s. gd., at the credit of the 3ank’s account in the Bank of Scotland, making the total assets L1,312,496 11s. gd., which, after ieductionof the above sum of L1,305,279 14s. 7d., leaves a clear surplus of A7916 17s. zd. at the :redit of the trustees.” The managers are, ex oficio, the Lord Provost, the Lord Advocate, the senior Bailie of the city, :he Members of Parliament for the city, county, md Leith, the Provost of Leith, the Solicitor- General, the Convener of the Trades, the Lord Dean of Guild, and the Master of the Merchant Company. In the sanie block of buildings are the offices of the Free Church of Scotland, occupying the site of the demolished half of James’s Court. They were erected in 1851-61, and are in a somewhat Rorid variety of the Scottish baronial style, from designs by the late David Cousin. In striking contrast to the terraced beauty of the New Town, the south side of the vale of the old loch, from the North Bridge to the esplanade of the Castle, is overhung by the dark and lofty gables and abutments of those towering edifices which terminate the northern alleys of the High Street, and the general grouping of which presents an aspect of equal romance and sublimity. From amid these sombre masses, standing out in the white purity of new freestone, are the towers and facade of the Free Church College and Assembly Hall, at the head of the Mound. Into the history of the crises which called these edifices into existence we need not enter here, but true it is, as Macaulay says, that for the sake of religious opinion the Scots have made sacrifices for which there is no parallel in the annals of England; and when, at the Disruption, so many clergymen of the Scottish Church cast their bread upon the waters, in that spirit of independence and self-reliance so characteristic of the race, they could scarcely have foreseen the great success of their movement. This new college was the first of those instituted in connection with the Free Church. The idea was origipally entertained of making provision for ... FREE CHURCH COLLEGE. 95 The Mound.] Much of all this was altered when the bank was enlarged, restored, and ...

Vol. 3  p. 95 (Rel. 1.01)

326 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Libertou. extended from east to west over all the country. This inequality in the surface .contributes much to the ornament of the view, by the agreeable relief which the eye ever meets with in the change of objects ; while the universal declivity, which prevails more or less in every field, is favourable to the culture of the lands, by allowing a ready descent to the water which falls from the heavens.” (Agricultural Survey of Midlothian.) Situated in a hollow of the landscape, on the Colinton slope of the Pentlands, is Bonally, with the Vale of the Leith, and enters the parish here, on the west side by a lofty aqueduct bridge of eight arches, and passes along it for two and a half miles. Near Slateford is Graysmill, where Prince Charles took up his headquarters in 1745, and met the deputies sent there from the city to arrange about its capitulation, and where ensued those deliberations which Lochiel cut short by entering the High Street at the head of go0 claymores. Proceeding eastward, we enter the parish of Liberton, one of the richest and most beautiful in its ponds, 482 feet above the tower, added to a smaller house, and commanding a pass among the hills, was finished in 1845 by Lord Cockburn, who resided there for many years. There are several copious and excellent springs on the lands of Swanston, Dreghorn, and Comistun, from which, prior to the establishment of the Water Company in 1819, to introduce the Cramley water, the inhabitants of Edinburgh chiefly procured that necessary of life. At Corniston are- the remains of an extensive camp ofpre-historic times. Adjacent to it, at Fairmilehead, tradition records that a great battle has been fought ; two large cairns were erected there, and when these were removed to serve for road metal, great quantities of human bones were found sea-level. A peel i all the fertile Lothians. Its surface is exquisitely diversified by broad low ridges, gently rising swells and intermediate plains, nowhere obtaining a sufficient elevation to be called a hill, save in the instances of Blackford and the Braid range. “As to relative position,” says a writer, ‘‘ the parish lies in the very core of the rich hanging plain or northerly exposed lands of Midlothian, ahd commands from its heights prospects the most sumptuous of the urban landscape and romantic hills of the metropolis, the dark farm and waving outline of the Pentlands and their spurs, the minutely-featured scenery of the Lothians, the Firth of Forth, the clear coast line, the white-washed towns and distant hills of Fife, and the bold blue sky-line of mountain The parish itself has a thoul€IE BATTLE OR CAMUB STONE, COMISTON. ranges away in far perspective. in and under them. Near \$here they stood there still remains a relic of the fight, a great whinstone block, about 20 feet high, known as the Kelstain, or Battle Stone, and also as Cuvw Stage, from the name of a Danish commander. Corniston House, in this quarter, was built by Sir James Forrest in 1815. The Hunter’s Tryst, near this, is a well-known and favourite resort of the citizens of Edinburgh in summer expeditions, and was frequently the headquarters of the Six Foot Club. Slateford, a village of Colinton parish, is two and a half miles from the west end of Princes Street. It has. a ‘United Secession place of worship, dating from 1784, and is noted as the scene of the early pastoral labours of the Rev. Dr. John Dick The Union Canal is carried across . sand attractions, and is dressed out in neatness of enclosures, profusion of garden-grounds, opulence of cultivation, elegance or tidiness of. mansion, village, and cottage, and busy stir and enterprise, which indicate full consciousness of the immediate vicinity of the proudest metropolis in Europe.” One of the highest ridges in the parish is crowned by the church, which occupies the exact site of a more ancient fane, of which we have the first authentic notice in the King’s charter to the monks of Holyrood, circa 1143-7, when he grants them ‘‘ that chapel of Liberton, with two oxgates of land, with all the tithes and rights, etc.,” which had been made to it by Macbeth-not the usurper, as Arnot erroneously supnoses, but the Macbeth, or Macbether, Baron of Liberton, whose name occurs as witness to several royal charters of David I. ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Libertou. extended from east to west over all the country. This inequality in the ...

Vol. 6  p. 326 (Rel. 0.97)

GENERAL INDEX 37s Douglas, Sir William the Black Knight ofliddesdal;, II.53,III. 354. 355 Dou&s, Baron, 11. 351 Dough., Lady Jane, Execution of, Douglas of Grantully, Lady Jane, 1. 208, 158, 384, 11. 9, 1x5, 318, 349-351, 111. 9' Douglas-Stewart, Lady Jane, Story 1. 83. 84 of 11.344.34 Doiglas, Lady?-z::es, 111. 311 Douglas, Campbell, architect, 111. 155 11. 1g0 ; his dagghter, ib. Douglas General, 1. 281 Do.glas:WiIliam,minialurepainter, Douglas, the painter, 11. 89, 90 nouglas. the clan, 11. q, 111. 19 " Dou las " the tragedy of, 11, =+, 21 , , . Douglcu, Dr., p&:$G4~I. zg8 Douglas, Francis Brown, Lord Pro- Dougk Heron &Co. thebanken, Douglas'Hotel, St. hndrew Square, Douglas. Abbot William, 11. 48, Doune, Lord, 11. zoo, 111. 3 4 Doune Tenace. 11. zoo, 111. 74 Dovecots, Superstitious belief in, Dover, Duke of, 11. 36 Dow Craig, The, 11. 19 IOI, 1.06 Dowie Johnnie, I. rig, 19 * I + his therm 1. 3 121 "Dowie Coilege:' Club, 1. xi9 Drama, The early Edinburgh, 11. 23, a+, w; denounced by the Presbytery, II.24,39 ; theCalton Hill plays 11. IDrawbridge'lhe Leith 111. I 8 Dreghorn, iord, '11. 156,166, 911. Dreghorn Castle. 111. 323, *324 Drem Haronyof 11. 233 Dres; Scottish &like of English Dress 0; the Scottish gentry I Dromedary A travelling 11. 15 Drum Ha&, 1. 95, 111.'*345, 34< Drum Sands. near Cramond. 111 17, 151. vost 11. 284 II. 19: failur; of 11'. 35 I. mz, 11. 174 342 111. 116 111. 319 32 3 in 1;g 11. 280 centuryago, 111. ~ 3 9 brother, 111. 75 hummond of Hawthornden thi pat and historian, I. IS+, I1 a?, 54.62, 127, 217, =2,zSg, 111 26 28 ,354.35 ; Ben onson' vi:it, ii?. 354 ; tte cavalier an< poet,III. 355; hisloves,ib.; hi death ib. Drummbnd, Bishop W i l l i Aber nethy, 1. a6r, a64 Drummond, Colin, physician, 11 299,301 Drummond, Dr. John, 11.147 Drummond, Gearge, I. 176, 183 Drummond Hay, Coins of, 11. 87 Drummond, am-, artist and anti UXkUl, It'. b,'III.84, I W , ~ I)rummond Jean I. ga Drummond of &mock, The, Ill Drummoud Place. I. 217. 280. I1 Irawings by, I. *at%, *368 354 .. . '9'7 1927 I 7 289 Drummond $&e Gardens, 11. 19 Drumniond Street, I. 38, 11. 3 y 335. 338, 111. 3, 7 Drummore Lord I. 251 11. 348 DrumquhGel d i r d of,'I. 259, 26 Drumsheunh 'villane. 11. 211. w 111. 7rr y65; vicw'from, 11i.x-6 Drumsheugh, Forest of, I. 237, 11 %h 14: Drumsheugh House, 11. 115, Drumsheugh Park, 111. 70, fl 111. 139 h r y , Sir Willim, I. 48, 49, 116, )ruds gun-battery, I. fl, 330 111. 238 ; trcachcry Of, 111. 133, 134 Duchess of Bragarm," Play of the, I. 343 hddingston, I. 383, 11. 'go, 303, 307, *309, 3x1, 3139 3141 315, 316, 3x7, 318. 347. 111. 86. 131, 134, 146, 165,314 ; origin of the name, 11. 914 ; barony of 11. 316 hddingston Chnrc'h, 11. * 312: *313,314; gatewayof,II.*314, famous ministers of, 11. 315, 317 hddingston House 11. 317 3uddineston Loch,'I. 8, 11, 203, 327, 11. 86, 315. *316, 111. 58, 143 ; skating thereon, 11. 315 h f f , the actor, I. 350 Iuffus, Lady, 11. 333 hgdd Stewart's monument, 11. den, 111. 3567 357 1.9, * I11 Duke of Albany (see Jam= Duke Duke of Albany's Own Hwh- Duke oi Hamilton's apartments, Duke S t m t 11.117 181 Duke's Walk, The,'I. 8, 3la, 11. Dumfries, &:f, I. go, 11. 166, of Albany) landers 11. H o l p d &lace, I. 326 3'33, 306, 07 111. 12 Square I1 343 Dumbrect's Hotel, St. Andrew Dunbar kari of 111. 143 Dunba; Sir Jaies 11.2% Dunbar: william, burns' lines on, I. 142, 235, 236, 11. 255 Dunbar Battle of (sec Battles) Dunbar$ Close I. 6, 5511. 3 Duocan, AdmLl, 11.343, 111. 158, "23 3797 384,II.I54,174 31% 111.39 Duncan, Dr. .Andrev, physician, 1. Duncan Lady 11.343 Duncan: the p h e r , 11. 93 Duncan's Land, 111. 78 Dundas. Sir Lawrence, I. 217, XI. nu,'& Sir ?homas, 11. l a Dundas: Henry, Viscount Melville Dundas. Lord Chief B a n . 11.210. 86 196, 171 282 (sec Melville) 343 Dundas, Robcrt Lord Amiston 1. 123,15g,172, 42, 11. 39 II1.;83 Dundas, President, fatie; of Lord Melville, 1. 242, 346, 11. 210 Dundas, Lord Pradent, I. &,It. 38 Dundas, Lord Advocate, 11.343 Dundas, Sir David, 1. 366, 11. 287. 111. 105. 264: d o t e of h i . . bf, rri. 7 111. 86,105 Dnnda. oJAske, Bamn, 11. 171 Dundas of Bsefhwood, Sir Kobert, Dun&, Lady Emily, 11. xg8 nundas Lady Eleonora, 111. 2 9 D u n 4 Col. Walter, 1. 54 Dundas, Lieut.&. Francis, 11. Dundas, Mr.. 11. m, 283 Dundas riots, 1791. 11. 343 Dundas Street, 11. 199; its Rsi. dents, 11. ~gg, 111. 162 Dundee, Viscount, I. 62, 63,65,7t Dundonald, Earl of, 1. 105,331.11. Dundrennan Lord 11. 175 Dunglas and Greethaw, Baron, I1 279 Dunkeld, Bishops of, I. 39,253. I1 54, 251, 287, 111. 13% 307, 314 Dunfernline, Earl of, I. 3r6.11. z& Ddermline, Lord, 111. p, 32 Dunfermline, H o w of the A& 210, 342 a579 27" of, I. 212. 25 Dunlop, Dr. Jam, Fkquest to thq University, 111. 26 Dunmore Earl of 11. 310 Dunn's dote1 II.'Ba 166, 161 Dupplin, Yi'ount, 1: 50 Durie. Lord, I. i68,242,III.31~,33! Durie, AbborsofMelrose, I.a53,25. hrie George, Abbot of Dunfermline' I. 2x2 >yce,'the painter 11.87 Iysart, Lyonell L r l of,' 2I.ip; Countess of, 11. 167 Jyvours stane, The, I. 152 E Fade and Henderson. nurservmen. . I 111. 159 Eagle's Rock, Cramond, Ill. 315 Ear and Eye Dispenw-, I. a86 Earl Gre Street 11. 2x8 Earthen hound, i. gS, 102,106,116, 255, 11. 31. 80, 82. 9% 199. 4 3 bead of the, 11. 93-100; new from Princes Street, Phtr r7 East and W a t Mayfield Houses, 111. 51 3x6, 349,111. .so East Cross Causeway, 1. 384. 11. Eat end of High Street, Nethei Bow, and west end of Camngate, T 1 ~ E Eastbaik. Lord, 11. 10 Fst Gardens, 11.127 East Hermitage Place, Leith, 111 East India Club, 111. 125 E& London Street 11. 185 East Maitland Strc;t, 11. aoq East Morningside H o w , 111. 47 East Pilton, 111. '309 East Princes Street Gardens. I1 166 100 a14 East b e e n Street Gardens, 11. XI; East Register Street, 11. 176 East Richmond Street, 11. 337 East Warriston House, 111. IM Easter, The district, 11. 221 Easter and Wester Pilton, 111. p Easter Coates. Mansionof, 11. III Easter Hill, 11. 199 Easterlings, 111.94 Easter Road, 11. 309, III.128,13i Easter Wemy4 I. 3ag Eastern and Wekern Duddiingston 133, 15% 158 160 11. 3r4 Echo Bank, 111. 5 4 57; old how Echbing Rmz, The, 11. 313 Edgar, Rear-Admiral, 111. 142 Edgar's map of Edinbur h, 1. 3" 338, 34% 3% 3731 38551. 17, 81 Edgefield's (Lord), House, I. 241 Edge-tool maker, The first. 11. a6 Edinburgh Academy 111. 81 E$nburgh, Arms of ;he City of, 1 Edinburgh Castle, I. *I, z, 14-79 Stawand Camden'saccannts 15 the lecend of the White fiar, 21; Holyrood Abbey, oa; th monks of the Castrum Puelb rum, ib. ; capture of the Castle b the English, ib.; it becomes royal.residence,,a3; wars of th Scottlsh succession, ib . "Wa lace's Cradle," 24, *z;f the foi tress dismantled, a+ ;again in th hands of the En lah, 25' Bu locks suacagem t r its reAveq ib.;repairofthefort~,26;pr( gress of the City, ib. : Henry I\ mvades the City, 27; the Englii baffled, ib. : Al+y's pr0phe.q ab.; lamre rding the buMm of houses. ir; sumptuary law 28 ; murder of James I., 29 ; c1 ronation of James 11.. ib. ; Caul intrigues, 29,30 ; Lord Chancellc Crichton, 30; arrogance of t h Earl of Douglas ib. : the I' blac dinner " ib . th; Castle besiegec 31 . th; &;'fortified i6. ; +m< IIi. and his haugdiy no ill@ 32 ; plots of the Duke of Alban and Earl of Mar, ib. ; mysterioi death of Mar, ib.; apture an escape of the Duke ofAlbany, 3 .E.; ciptitity of James HI., y ichard of Gloumter at Edii burgh,+.; the"C;ol$m Chartei of the city, ib. ; the Blue RL) ket," 34, * 36 ; accession of Jam at 111. 5 2- 246,267. VI, 330,334 16 IV 35 : tournaments, ib. : " thc se& sisters ot' Borthwick." v.5.'- 36.; the " Ylodden Wall," 38, +o ; reign of Jam- V 38-42 ; Edmburgh underthe f&tionsofnobles, 38-40 ; the castle attacked by the Earl of Hertford, 43,111.16g; death of Queen Mary of Guise, I. 44, 45; accession of Mary Stuart, 45h; birth of Jam- VI 46 *48: t esregeof1~73,47, I I f ?$ ; the a t y bombarded from the astle, I. 47 ; Elkabeth'sspy, 48; Sir W. Drury's dispositions for the &Fe, 48,49 : execuaon of Sir W: h.rkaldy, 50.: repairof the ruins, ab. : execution of the Earl of Morton, ib.; visit of Charles I p, 51; procession to Holyr&, Si : coronation of Charles I., ib. : the struggle against episcopacy, g1,52; siege of 1644 52 - the spectre drummer 54; th; castle baieged by CroLwell ib. ; ten years' peace in Edinbkh 55 ; the Restoration, ib. ; th; Argylcs, 56-58 ; the accession of ames VII., 58 ; sentence of the rl of Argyle, 58,59 ; h~ clever 59 ; the last sleep of Ar- ?e?.; hisdeath, ib. ; tortureof the covenanters, 59,150; proclamation of Williarn and Mary, pII; the siege ,of 1689 6 internew between the Duk;p?&rdon and Viscount Dundee, ib. ; brilliant defence of the &de, 63,64 ; Qpitulation of the Duke of Gordm, 65 ; inner gateway of the Castle * 65 ; the spectre of Clawhaw: 66 ; torture of Neville Payne, id. ; Jacobite plots, ib.: entombing of thc regalia 66, 67; project for surprismg ;he fortnss, SI ; right of sanctuary abolished. ib. ; Lord Drummonfla plot, 68 : Dome acv. biteprixmen, 6g; "rebeldies" 70 ; iunes Macgregor, ib. ; de at escape, 71 : tears as to the destruction of the crown, sword, and m p ~ e , ib.; crown-room opened in 1794 and in 1817 id. ; Mons Mag, 74 ; general d&p tion of the Castle, 7 5 7 9 Edinburgh Castle and nty Ancient and modern vieis of. 1. q. 17. k Cast / e vaults, 70 71 ; attempts - from various points, 11.193) 216, 111. 117 Edinburgh in 1745 1. 331-334; Charles Stuart in \he mty, I. 323 Edinburgh Origin of the name, I. 12 ; the infant city, I. 26 ; first enclosed by walls, 1. 31 Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway, 11. 19 113 Edinburgh and Leith Seamen's Friendly Society, 111. q Ediabzdrqh Aa'vmtkr, The, 1.318, 339, 11. 'VV 11% '7% 3a4 35'. III.63r703 73 752 7% 85, 11% 123, 124l135.139.154,~34.~35.258,306 Edinburgh Assembly Rooms, 1.314, inburgh Assoclation for Impmving the Condition of the Poor, 11. 162 Edinburgh Arscdation of Science and Arts, 11. 143 Edinburgh Bishop of 111.147 Edinburgh' Blind Asyhm, 111. a54 Edinburgh Bamic W e n , Leith Walk 111. 98. its coratm ib. Edinb&h &teryCom&y, 11. "17 Edinburgh Chamber of Commerce and Manufactures, I. 379, 111. 288 Edinburgh Che5 Club, 11.152 Edinburgh Club, The old, 111. Ed:s7 * 3 4 3x7 ... plays 11. IDrawbridge'lhe Leith 111. I 8 Dreghorn, iord, '11. 156,166, 911. Dreghorn Castle . 111. 323, ...

Vol. 6  p. 375 (Rel. 0.97)

322 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. lcolinton. the Belitice Puetaruni Scuiurum. He was a convert to the Protestant religion, and the chief work of his pen is his learned book on feudal law. It has been well said that lie U kept himself apart from the political intrigues of those distracting times, devoting himself to his professional duties, and in his hours of relaxation cultivating a taste for classical literature.” He was present at the entry of King James into London, and at his coronation as King of England, an event which he commemorated in a poem in Latin hexameters. In 1604 he was one of the commissioners appointed by the king to confer with others on the part of England, concerning a probable union between the two countries, a favourite project with James, but somewhat Utopian when broached at a time when men were living who had fought on the field of Pinkie. He wrote a treatise on the independent sovereignty .of Scotland, which was published in 1675, long after his death, which occurred at Edinburgh on the 26th of February, 1Go8. He married Helen, daughter of Heriot of Trabrown, in East Lothian, by whom he had seven children. His eldest son, Sir Lewis Craig, born in 1569, became a senator, as Lord Wrightislands On the death of his lineal descendant in 1823, Robert Craig of Riccarton (of whom mention was made in our chapter on Princes Street in the second volume of this work), James Gibson, W.S. (afterwards Sir James Gibson-Craig of Riccarton and Ingliston), assumed the name and arms of Craig in virtue of a deed of entail made in 1818. He was a descendant of the Gibsons of Durie, in Fife. His eldest son was the late well-known Sir William Gibson-Craig, who was born and August, 1797, and, after receiving his education in Edinburgh, was called as, an advocate to the Scottish Bar in 1820. He was M.P. for Midlothian from 1837 to 1841, when he was returned for the city of Edinburgh, which he continued to represent till 1852. He was a Lord of the Treasury from 1846 to 1852, and was appointed one of the Board of Supervision for the Poor in Scotland. In 1854 he was appointed Lord Clerk Register of Her Majesty’s Rolls and Registers in Scotland in 1862, and Keeper of the Signet. He was a member of the Privy Council in 1863, and died in 1878. Riccarton House, a handsome modern villa of considerable size, has now replaced the old mansion of other times. CHAPTER XXXVIII. THE ENVIRONS OF EDINBURGH (cmtinzted). Colinton-Ancient Name and Church-Redhall-The Family of Foulis-Dreghorn-The Pentlands-View from Torphin-Corniston-Slateford -Graysmill-Liherton-The Mill at Nether Libertan-Liberton Tower-The Church-The Balm Well of St. Kathrrine-Grace Mount- The Wauchopes of Niddrie-Niddrie House-St. Katherine’s-The Kaimes-Mr. Clement Little-Lady Little of Liberton. THE picturesque little parish village of Colinton, about a mile and a quarter from Kingsknowe Station, on the Caledonian Railway, is romantically situated in a deep and wooded dell, through which the Water of Leith winds on its way to the Firth of Forth, and around it are many beautiful walks and bits of sweet sylvan scenery. The lands here are in the highest state of cultivation, enclosed by ancient hedgerows tufted with green coppice, and even on the acclivities of the Pentland range, at the height of 700 feet above the sea, have been rendered most profitably arable. In the wooded vale the Water of Leith turns the wheels of innumerable quaint old water-mills, and through the lesser dells, the Murray, the Braid, and the Burdiehouse Burns, enrich the parish with their streams. Of old the parish was called Hailes, from the plural, it is said, of a Celtic word, which signifies a mound or hillock. A gentleman’s residence near the site of the old church still retains the name, which is also bestowed upon a well-known quarry and two other places in the parish. The new Statistical Account states that the name of Hailes was that of the principal family in the parish, which was so called in compliment to them’; but this seems barely probable. The little church-which dates from only 1771- and its surrounding churchyard, are finely situated on a sloping eminence at the bottom of a dell, round which the river winds slowly by. The ancient church of Hailes, or Colinton, was granted to Dunfermline Abbey by Ethelred, son of Malcolm Canmore and of St. Margaret, a gift confirmed by a royal charter of David I., and by a Bull of Pope Gregory in 1234, according to the abovequoted authority ; but the parish figures so little in history that we hear nothing of it again till 1650, ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. lcolinton. the Belitice Puetaruni Scuiurum. He was a convert to the Protestant ...

Vol. 6  p. 322 (Rel. 0.96)

166 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [St. Andrew squan. I CHAPTER XXII. ST. ANDREW SQUARE. St Andrew Square-List of Early Residents-Count Bomwlaski-Miss Gordon or Cluny-Scottish Widows’ Fund-Dr. A. K. Johnston- Scottish Provident Institution-House in which Lord Brougham was Born-Scottish Equitable Society-Chancrir of Amisfield-Douglas‘s Hotel-Sir Philip Ainslic-British Linen Company-National Bank-Royal Bank-The Melvillc and Hopctoun Monuments-Ambrosc’r Tavern. BEFORE its conversion iiito a place for public offices, St. Andrew Square was the residence of many families of the first rank and position. It measures 510 feet by 520. Arnot speaks of it as “the finest square we ever saw. Its dimensions, indeed, are, small when compared with those in London, but the houses are much of a size. They are of a uniform height, and are all built of freestone” The entire square, though most of the original houses still exist, has undergone such changes that, says Chambers, . “ the time is not far distant when the whole of this district will meet with a fate similar to that which we have to record respecting the Cowgate and Canongate, and when the idea of noblemen inhabiting St. Andrew Square will seem, to modem conceptions, as strange as that of their living in the,Mint Close.” The following is a list of the first denizens of the square, between its completion in 1778 and 1784.:- I. Major-General Stewart. 2. The Earl of Aboyne. He died here in his sixty-eighth year, in 1794. He was the eldest son of John, third Earl of Aboyne, by Grace, daughter of Lockhart of Carnwath, afterwards Countess of Murray. 3. Lord Ankerville (David Ross). 5. John, Viscount Arbuthnott, who died 1791. 6. Dr. Colin Drummond. 7. David Hume, afterwards Lord Dreghorn. 8. John Campbell of Errol. (The Earls of Em1 have ceased since the middle of the seventeenth century to possess any property in the part from whence they took their ancient title.) 11. Mrs Campbell of Balmore. 13. Robert Boswell, W.S. 15. Mrs. Cullen of Parkhead. 16. Mrs. Scott of Horslie Hill. 18. Alexander Menzies, Clerk of Session. 19. Lady Betty Cunningham. 20. Mrs Boswell of Auchinleck Boswell,” R. Chambers, 1824). 22. Jams Farquhar Gordon, Esq. 23. Mrs. Smith of Methven. 24 Sir John Whiteford. (25 in “ Williamson’s Directory.”) 25. William Fergusson pf Raith. 26. Gilbert Meason, Esq., and the Rev. Dr. Hunter. 27. Alexander Boswell, Esq.(aftemards Lord Auchinleck), and Eneis Morrison, Esq. 28. Lord Methven 30. Hon. Mrs. Hope. 32. Patrick, Earl of Dumfries, who died in 1803. (mother of “Corsica 33. Sir John Colquhoun. 34. George, Earl of Dalhousie, Lord High Commissioner, 35. Hon. Mrs. Cordon. 38. Mrs. Campbell of Saddel, Cilbert Kerr of Stodrig, and Sir William Ramsay, Bart., of Banff House, who died in 1807. By 1784, when Peter Williamson published his tiny “ Directory,” many changes had taken place among the occupants of the square. The Countess of Errol and Lord Auchinleck were residents, and Thomas, Earl of Selkirk, had a house there before he went to America, to form that settlement in the Gulf of St. Lawrence which involved him in so much trouble, expense, and disappointment. No. I was occupied by the Countess of Leven ; the Earl of Northesk, KC.B., who distinguished himself afterwards as third in command at Trafalgar, occupied No. 2, now an hotel; and Lord Arbuthnott had been suceeeded in the occupancy of No. 5 by Patrick, Lord Elibank, who married the widow of Lord North and Grey. By 1788 an hotel had been started in the square by a man named Dun. It was there that the celebrated Polish dwarf, Joseph Borowlaski, occasionally exhibited himself. In his memoirs, written by himself, he tells that he was one of a family of five sons and one daughter, “,and by one of those freaks of nature which it is impossible to account for, or perhaps to find another instance of in the annals of the human species, three of these children were above the middle stature, whilst the two others, like myself, reached only that of children at the age of four or five years.” Notwithstanding this pigmy stature, the count, by his narrative, would seem to have married, performed many wonderful voyages and travels, and been involved in many romantic adventures. At thirty years of age his stature was three feet three inches. Being recommended by Sir Robert Murray Keith, then Eritish Ambassador at Vienna, to visit the shores of Britain, after being presented, with his family, to- royalty in London, he duly came to Edinburgh, where, according to Kay’s Editor, ‘‘ he was taken notice of by several gentlemen, among others by Mr. Fergusson, who generously endeavoured by their attentions to sweeten the bitter cup of life to the unfortunate gentleman.” 1777-82 ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [St. Andrew squan. I CHAPTER XXII. ST. ANDREW SQUARE. St Andrew Square-List of Early ...

Vol. 3  p. 166 (Rel. 0.94)

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS . --c- THE OLD CHURCH OF ST . CUTHBERT’S AND THE NORTH LOCH (after CZffSh of Eldin).-Rrontisrp;eCr. Keys of the City of Edinburgh . . . . . Paul’s Work . . . . . . . . Illustrated Heading ; . . . . . . The .. Maiden . . . . . . . . . The “White Horse” Inn . . . . . Fac-simile of a View of Edpburgh in 1 5 4 . . Common SealofEdinburgh . . . . . Counter Seal of the Above . . . . . John Kay (1786) . . . . . . . Urn found at the Dean . . . . . . The Roman Road. near Portobello-The. “ Fishwives’ Causeway . . . . . . . . . Arthur’s Seat. from St . Leonards The Arms of the City of Edinburgh . . . . . Fac-simile of a View of the Old Town. from a housetop at theTronChurch . . . . . Bird’s-eye View of the Castle and City of Edinburgh Dungeons in the Castle. below Queen Mary’s Room . . . . . St . Margaret’s Chapel. Edinburgh Castle . . . Chancel Arch of S t. Margaret’s Chapel “Wallace’s Cradle. .. Edinburgh Castle Edinburgh Castle. as it was before 1573 . . . . . . . . . Ruins of the Well-house Tower . . . . The Royal Lodging or Palace. from the Grand Parade Prospect of Edinburgh. from the North. 1693 (ajm EdinburghCastle in 1647 . . . . . . The Blue Blanket. or Standard of the Incorporated Tradesof Edinburgh . . . . . . . James Hamilton. Earl of Arran ; John Erskine. Earl of Mar; Archibald, Earl ofAngus; The Regent Moray Plan of Edinburgh. showing the Flodden Wall . . Edinburgh. from the North and South . . . John Duke of Albany. and Queen Margaret . . Edinburgh Castle. from the South-west . . . Stone which formerly stood over the Barrier-gateway of Edinburgh Castle . . . . . . Room in Edinburgh Castle in which James VI . was born Ancient Postern and Turret near the Queen’s Post . EntaSlature above the Gateway. Edinburgh Castle . Reduced Fac-simile of a Plan of the Siege of Edinburgh Castle in 1573 . . . . . . . Sleaer) . . . . . Tufacepagt? Cipher of Lord Darnley and Queen Mary . . . The Regent Morton . . . . . . . PAGl U xi I 4 5 2 E 5 Ia I2 13 I6 16 I7 2a 24 25 28 29 32 33 33 21 36 37 40 41 44 4s 46 46 48 49 51 52 53 PAGE Covenanter’s Flag . . . . . . . 54 South Side of Edinburgh Castle . . . . 56 Edinburgh from the South. in 1650 . . . . 57 Mons Meg. Edinburgh Castle . . . . . 60 Order of Cavalcade at the Openlng of the First Parliamentof JamesVII . . . . . . 61 Thumbikin . . . . . . . . 62 Fa-simile of the Medal of the Edinburgh Revolution 8 Club . . . . . . . . . . 63 Edinburgh from Mons Meg Battery . To fut pagc 65 Inner Gateway of the Castle . . . . . 65 Royal Lodging and Half-Moon Battxy . . . 68 The Crown.room. Edinburgh Castle . . . . 69 TheRegaliaof Scotland . . . . . . 72 Plan of the City and Castle of Edinburgh in I742 . 73 Chest in which the Regalia were found . . . 76 Edinburgh. from the King’s Bastion. 182s . . . 77 Edinburgh Castle. from the King’s Mews, 1825 . . 80 Ground Plan of Edinhurgh Castle in the present day . 81 Memorial Cross to the 78th Highlanders. Esplanade. Prospect of Edinburgh Castle from the East in 1779 . Edinburgh Castle. from Kirkbraehead . . * 64 Runic Cross. Castle Bank . . . . . . 79 EdinburghCastle . . . . . . . 84 The Castle Hill. 1S45 . . . . . . 58 Allan Ramsay’s House . . . . . . Sg 85 Cannon Ball in Wall of House in Castle Hill . . 90 rhomas Guthrie. D.D. . . . . . . gz Duke of Gordon’s House. Blair’s Close. Castle Hill . 93 Assembly Hall . . . . . . . . 96 Edinburgh Old Town. from Salisbury Crags To facepage 97 TheOratoryof Maryof Guise . . . . . 97 3ak Door. from the Guise Palace . . . . 98 Lord Semple’s House. Castle Hill . . . . 100 Mary of Guise . . . . . . . . 101 The Lawnmarket. from St . Giles’s. 1825 . . . 105 Lady Stair’s Close . . . . . . . 107 31d Timber-fronted House. Lawnmarket . . . 108 3ladstone’s Land . . . . . . . 109 Plan of Edinburgh. from the Castle to St . Giles’s . 112 Bailie Macmorran’s House . . . . . . 113 Room in Bailie Macmorran’s House . . . . 114 Lantern and Keys of Deacon Brodie . . . . 115 The Lawnmarket. from the SiteoftheWeigh.house. 1825 104 ... OF ILLUSTRATIONS . --c- THE OLD CHURCH OF ST . CUTHBERT’S AND THE NORTH LOCH (after CZffSh of ...

Vol. 2  p. 392 (Rel. 0.73)

CRAIGMILLAR CASTLE ... ...

Vol. 5  p. iv (Rel. 0.7)

MERCHISTON CASTLE. ... ...

Vol. 5  p. v (Rel. 0.7)

88 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. tThe Castle Hill. the steep flight of steps that descend to Johnston Terrace, we find a date 1630, with the initials A. M.-M. N., and in the wall below there still remains a cannon ball, fired from the half-moon 3 ~ - ~ * - .... ,-. ,~,_., -.,- :.. ~- - - , ~ ~ ~ .,- .,~-- %..:,> street some are unchanged in external aspect since the days of the Stuarts. On the pediment of a dormer window of the house that nom forms the south-west angle of the street, directly facing the Castle, and overlooking of Huntly in 1684; but the edifice in question evidently belongs to an anterior age; and the old tradition was proved to be correct, when in a disposition (now in possession of the City Improve- __-- L n _-_-_ :--:--\ =.. e:- -_=--& TI-:-> L_ 1.1- I arch, within which, is a large coronet, supported by two deerhounds, well known {eatures in the Gordon arms. Local tradition universally affirms this mansion to have been the residence of the dukes of that title, which was bestowed on the house THE CASTLE HILL, 1845. aunng me DiocKaae in 1745. I nrougn rnis DWUing there is a narrow alley named Blair’s Close-so narrow indeed, that amid the brightest sunshine there is never in it more than twilight-giving access to an open court, at the first angle of which is a handsome Gothic doorway, surmounted by an ogee iiiriii LuiiitIiissiunl uy air M J U ~ K ~ Dam tu nis son William, dated 1694, he describes it as “all and hail, that my lodging in the Castle lHill of Edinburgh, formerly possessed by the Duchess of Gordon.” The latter was Lady Elizabeth Howard, daugh ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. tThe Castle Hill. the steep flight of steps that descend to Johnston Terrace, we find a ...

Vol. 1  p. 88 (Rel. 0.7)

1745.1 GENERAL- PRESTON, 329 the operations subsequent to his council of war, though the inscription on his tomb in Westminster CHARLES EDWARD IN HIS YOUTH, (Frm t@ Portrait 6y Torque.) when " besieged by the rebels." The officers of state had now fled from Edinburgh to defend which he instantly adopted the most vigorous measures. He wrote to the Secretary of State, acquainting him that if not soon relieved he would be compelled to surrender, as his stock of provisions was so small. This letter fell into the hands of the Prince, by whom the Castle was never formally summoned. Preston had now been seventy years in the service. He was in his eighty, seventh year, and was so enfeebled by time and wounds as to be unable to walk j yet so constant was his vigilance, that every two hours he was wheeled round the posts to see that his sentinels were on the alert, and whenever a Highlander could be seen, a gun loaded with grape was fired at him CHAPTER XLI. EDINBURGH IN 1745 (concluded). General] Guest's '' Bravery "-Popularity of the Prince-Castle Blockaded-It Fires on the City-kith Bombarded-End of the Blockade- Departure of the Highland Army for England-Prisoners in the Castle-Macdopald of Teindreich-Duke ofCurnberlan'd in Edinburgh- Burning of the Standards. ... GENERAL- PRESTON, 329 the operations subsequent to his council of war, though the inscription on his tomb ...

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EDINBURGH CASTLE FROM GREYFRIARS CHURCHYARD. ... CASTLE FROM GREYFRIARS ...

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PROSPECT OF EDINBURGH CASTLE FROM THE EAST IN 1779. ... OF EDINBURGH CASTLE FROM THE EAST IN ...

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I12 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Bradie's Close. Cullen, a single-minded and upright man, the transition is great indeed to the occupant who gave his name to the next close-a name it still Masons of Edinburgh, was the son of Convener Francis Brodie, who had an extensive business as a cabinet maker in the Lawnmarket; and in 1781 PLAN OF EDINBURGH, FROM THE CASTLE TO ST. GILES'S. (From Gwdm of Rothiemay'.o Maj.) g, The High Street from the Castle ; 10, The Weighhouse : 15, Horse Market Street : 16, Straight (or West) Bow ; Currer's Close; 35, Liberton's Wynd ; 36, Foster's Wynd ; Z, The Kirk in the Castle Hill. retains-a notorious character, who had a kind of dual existence, for he stood high .in repute as a pious, wealthy, and substantial citizen, until the daring robbery of the Excise Office in 1788 brought to light a longcontinued system of secret housebreaking and of suspected murder, unsurpassed in the annals of cunning and audacity. the former was elected a Deacon Councillor of the city. He had unfortunately imbibed a taste for gambling, and became expert in making that taste a source of revenue; thus he did not scruple to have recourse to loaded dice. It became a ruling passion with him, and he was in the habit of resorting almost nightly to a low gambling club, kept ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Bradie's Close. Cullen, a single-minded and upright man, the transition is great ...

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GROUND PLAN OF EDINBURGH CASTLE IN THE PRESENT DAY. ... PLAN OF EDINBURGH CASTLE IN THE PRESENT ...

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DUNGEONS IN THE CASTLE BELOW QUEEN MARY’S ROOM. CHL4PTER 111. CASTLE OF EDINBURGH-(cantinued.~~e~.) The Legend of the White Hart-Holyrood Abbey founded-The Monks of the Castrum Puellarum-David 1,’s numerous Endowments-His Death-Fergus, Lord of Gallaway. dies there-William the Lion-Castle Garrisoiied by the English for Twelve Years-The Castle a Royal Residence-The War of the Scottish Succession-The Castle in the hands of Edward I.-Frank’s Escalade-The Fortress Dismantled -Again in the hands of the English-Bullocks Stratagem for its Resapture-David‘s Tower. “THE well-known legend of the White Hart,’’ says Daniel Wilson, “ most probably had its origin in some real occurrence, magnified by the superstition of a rude and illiterate age. More recent observations at least suffice to show that it existed at a much earlier date than Lord Hailes referred it to.” It is recorded that on Rood-day, the 14th of September, in the harvest of 1128, the weather being fine and beautiful, King David and his courtiers, after mass, left the Castle by that gate before which he was wont to dispense justice to his people, and issued forth to the chase in the wild country that lay around-for then over miles of the land now covered by the new and much of the old city, for ages into times unknown, the oak-trees of the primeval forest of Drumsheugh had shaken down their leaves and acorns upon the wild and now extinct animals of the chase. And here it may be mentioned that boars’ tusks of most enormous size were found in 1846 in the bank to the south of the half-moon battery, together with an iron axe, the skull and bones of a man. On this Rood-day we are told that the king issued from the Castle contrary to the advice of his confessor, Alfwin, an Augustinian monk of great sanctity and learning, who reminded him that it was the feast of the’ Exaltation of the Cross, and should be passed in devotion, not in hunting; but of this advice the king took no heed. Amid the dense forest and in the ardour of the chase he became separated from his train, in “ the vail that lyis to the eist fra the said castell,” and found himself at the foot of the stupendous crags, where, “under the shade of a leafy tree,” he was almost immediately assailed by a white stag of gigantic size, which had been maddened by the pursuit, “noys and dyn of bugillis,” and which, ... IN THE CASTLE BELOW QUEEN MARY’S ROOM. CHL4PTER 111. CASTLE OF EDINBURGH-(cantinued.~~e~.) The Legend ...

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throne would ensure their total destruction, yet he escaped them. Aware that a day of trial was coming, and terrified by the unknown fate of Mar, some of his numerous friends contrived to acquaint him that in the Roads of Leith there lay a small vessel laden with Gascon wine, by which he might and also a strong rope, with a waxen roll enclosing an unsigned letter, urging, "that he should lose no time in escaping, as the king's minions had resolved that he should die ere the ' morrow's sun set," but that the boats of the French vessel would await him at the harbour of Leith. EDINBURGH CASTLE IN 1647. (From Gmda o/ Rofhiemuys Mu#.) U, the Castle; 6, the Castle ChapeL escape if he made an effort. It is supposed that he was confined in David's Tower, for we are told it was one that arose from the northern verge of the rock, where the height of the precipice seemed to preclude the possibility of escape. He had but one attendant (styled his chalmerchield) left to wait upon him, and to this follower he revealed his intention. From the vessel there came to him two small runlets said to contain wine, and they were camed to his apartment unexamined, The duke found that they contained malvoisie, U b,. To lull suspicion, Albany invited the captain of the guard and three of his principal soldiers to sup with him, and all these he succeeded in partially intoxicating. They sat drinking and gaming until the hour grew late ; and then the royal duke found that the moment of fate had come ! Snatching the captain's long dagger from his baldrick, Albany buried it again and again in his glittering breast ; he despatched the intoxicated soldiers in the same fashion, and, in token of his hostility, with the assistance of his chalmer-chield castle rock castles : ... would ensure their total destruction, yet he escaped them. Aware that a day of trial was coming, and ...

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THE CASTLE, RAMSAY GARDENS, BANK OF SCOTLAND, AND EARTHEN MOUND, FROM PRINCES STREET. ... CASTLE, RAMSAY GARDENS, BANK OF SCOTLAND, AND EARTHEN MOUND, FROM PRINCES ...

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2 48 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. LCowgate. the historian) became senior minister of the Cowgate chapel. One of his immediate predecessors, the Rev. Mr. Fitzsimmons, an Englishman, became seriously embroiled with the authorities, and was arraigned Two of these four, Vanvelde and Jaffie, had escaped from the Castle by sawing through their window bars with a sword-blade furnished to them by John Armour, a clerk in the city. The other two were on parole. The Hon. Henry Erslcine THE MEAL MARKET, COWGATE. before the High Court of Justiciary in July, 1790, on the charge of aiding the escape of Jean Bap tiste Vanvelde, Jean Jacques Jaffie, Re'ne' Griffon, and Hypolite Depondt, French prisoners, from the Castle of Edinburgh, by concealing them in his house, and taking them in the Newhaven fishing boat of Neil Drysdale to the Isle of Inchkeith, where they remained hidden till taken to a cartel ship, commanded by Captain Robertson, in Leith Roads. defended Mr. Fitzsimmons, who was sentenced to three months' imprisonment in the Tolbooth. In the following September 600 French prisoners (including the crew of the Vicforicux) were marched from the Castle, under a guard of the North York Militia, to Leith, where they embarked for England in care of 150 bayonets of the 7rst Highlanders, After the erection of St. Paul's Church, in York Place, the Cowgate Chapel was purchased by the ... 48 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. LCowgate. the historian) became senior minister of the Cowgate chapel. One of his ...

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[-wade. THE MELVILLES.. / LASSWADE CnuKCH, 1773. (Afdw an Etching by Yohn Clerk of E(din.1 CHAPTER XLIII. THE ENVIRONS OF EDINBURGH-(ccmclz&d). Melville Castle and the Melvilles-The Viscounts Melvil1::-Sheriffnall-Newton-Monkton-Stonyhill-" The Wicked Colonel Charteris "- New Hailes-The Stair Obelisk-Lord Hailes-His Death. MELVILLE CASTLE stands on the left bank of the North Esk, about five furlongs eastward of Lasswade, and was built by the first Viscount Melville, replacing a fortress of almost unknown antiquity, about the end of the last century. It is a splendid mansion, with circular towers, exhibiting much architectural elegance, and surrounded by a finelywooded park, which excited the admiration of George IV. Unauthenticated tradition states that the ancient castle of Melville was a residence of David Rizzio, and as such, was, of course, visited occasionally by Queen Mary; but it had an antiquity much more remote. It is alleged that the first Melville ever known 'in Scotland was a Hungarian of that name, who accompanied Queen 'Margaret to Scotland, where he obtained from Malcolm 111. a grant of land in hiidlothian, and where he settled, gave his surname to his castle, and became progenitor of all the Melvilles in Scotland. Such is the story told by Sir Robert Douglas, on the authority of Leslie, 143 Mackenzie, Martin, and Fordun ; but it is much more probable that the family is of French origin. Be all that as it may, the family began to be prominent in Scotland soon after the reign of Malcolm 111. Galfrid de Melville of Meldle Castle, in Lothian, witnessed many charters of Malcolm IV., bestowing pious donations on the abbeys of Holyrood, Newbattle, and Dunfermline, before 1165, in which year that monarch died. He also appears (1153-1165) as Vicecomes de CasieZZo Pzd'Eamm, in the register of St. Marie of Newbattle. He witnessed two charters of William the Lion to the abbey of Cambuskenneth, and made a gift of the parish church of Melville (which, probably, he built) to the monastery of Dunfermline, in presence of Hugh, Bishop of St. Andrews, previously chaplain to King William, and who died in 1187. Galfrid of Melville left four sons-Sir Gregory, his successor, Philip, Walter, and Waren. Of the last nothing is known, but the other three founded ... THE MELVILLES.. / LASSWADE CnuKCH, 1773. (Afdw an Etching by Yohn Clerk of E(din.1 CHAPTER XLIII. THE ...

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Granton 1 LATDTNG OF THE ENGLISH ARMY, 309 I. CAROLINE PARK; a, RUINS OF GRANTON CASTLE ; 3, EAST PILTON. ... 1 LATDTNG OF THE ENGLISH ARMY, 309 I. CAROLINE PARK; a, RUINS OF GRANTON CASTLE ; 3, EAST ...

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60 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Craigmillar. CRAIGMILLAR CASTLE. I, The Hall ; 2, The Keep ; 3. Queen Mary's Tree ; 4, South-west Tower ; 5, The Chapel ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [Craigmillar. CRAIGMILLAR CASTLE. I, The Hall ; 2, The Keep ; 3. Queen Mary's Tree ; 4, ...

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Leaving his queen in the then solitary Castle, Grime (who, according to Buchanan, began his reign in the year 996) often pursued the pleasures of the chase among the wilds of Polmood, in the probably a remnant of Edwin's departed power, and from this period begins the authentic history of Edinburgh and its castle, as from that time it continued to be almost permanently the Bertha, her aged father, and infant son, and, burying them in one grave, heaped above it a rough tumulus, which still marks the spot. Full of remorse and fear, the queen died before the return of Grime, who, after defeating the Danes, and destroying their galleys, hastened to this invests the solemn event with a peculiar charm. The grand-niece of Edward the Confessor, she had fled from her own country on the usurpation of Harold, but was wrecked on the Forth, at the place still called Queensferry. She and her retinue were hospitably entertained by Malcolm III., who successor, was deserted in battle by his warriors, taken captive, and, after having his eyes put out, died in grief and misery in the eighth year of his reign. He was succeeded, in 1004, by Maicolm II., who had Lothian formally ceded to him by Eadulf- Cudel, Earl of Northumberland, who had pre- Viously exercised some right of vassalage over it, wife, of Malcolm, in the lines spoken hy Macduff, Macbeth, Act iv., scene 3 :- " The queen that bore thee, Oftener upon her knees than on her feet, Died every day she lived." In 1091 William Rufus made war on Scotland, and, taking the castle of Alnwick by surprise, wantonly put its garrison to the sword. Malcolm. coat of arms ... his queen in the then solitary Castle, Grime (who, according to Buchanan, began his reign in the year ...

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founder to his new monastery were the churches of St. Cuthbert. and of the Castle, among which one plot of land belonging to the former is marked by ‘‘ the fountain which rises near the king’s garden, on the road leading to 3t. Cuthbert‘s church,” i.e., the fountain in the Well-house Tower. This valley-the future North Loch-was then Castle, where, in the twenty-first year of his reign, he granted a charter to the Abbey of Kelso, the witnesses to which, apud Castrum PueZZarum, were John, Bishop of Glasgow ; Prince Henry, his son ; William, his nephew ; Edward, the Chancellor ; ‘‘ BarthoZomeo $Zio Cornitis, et WiZZieZnza frateer i u s ; Jordan0 Hayrum;” Hugo de Morville, thc ST. MARGARET’S CHAPEL, EDINBURGH CASTLE, the garden, which Malcolm, the son of Pagan, culjivated for David II., and where tournaments were held, 44 while deep pools and wide morasses, tangled wood and wild animals, made the rude diverging pathways to the east and westward extremely dangerous for long after, though lights were burned at the Hermitage of St. Anthony on the Crag and the spire of St. John of Corstorphin, to guide the unfortunate wight who was foolhardy enough to travel after nightfall.” In 1144 we find (King David resident in the constable ; Odenell de Umphraville ; Robert Bruce ; William of Somerville; David de Oliphant; and William of Lindsay. The charter of foundation to the abbey of Holyrood-which will be referred to more fully in its place-besides conferring valuable revenues, derivable from the general resources of the city, gave the monks a right to dues to nearly the same amount from the royal revenues of the port of Perth, which was the more ancient capital of Scotland. ... to his new monastery were the churches of St. Cuthbert. and of the Castle, among which one plot of land ...

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CONTENTS. PAGE INTROEUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J CHAPTER I. P R E H I S T O R I C EDINBURGH. The Site before the Houses-Traces of Early Inhabitants-The Caledonian Tribes-Agricola's Invasion-Subjection of the Scottish Lowlands -The Rorrao Way-Edinburgh never occupied permanently-Various Roman Remains : Urns, Coins, Busts ; Swords, Spears, ahd other Weapons-Ancient Coffins-The Camus, or Cath-st,neOrigin of the name " Edinburgh"-Dinas-Eiddyn-The Battle of Catraeth 9 CHAPTER 11. THE CASTLE OF EDINBURGH. Of its Origin and remoter History-The Legends concerning it-Ebranke-St. Monena-Def& of the Sawons by King Bridei-King Edwin-King Grime-The Story of Grime and Bertha of Badlieu-The Starting paint of authentic Edinburgh History-Sr Margaret -Het Piety and amiable Disposition-Her Chapel-Her Death-Restoration of her Oratory-Her Burial-Donald Bane-King David 1.-The Royal Gardens, afterwards the Nonh Loch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I4 CHAPTER 111. CASTLE OF EDINBURGH (continued). The Legend of the White Hart-Holyrocd Abbey founded--The Monks of the Castrum Puellarum-David I.% numerous Endowments-His Death-Fergus. Lord of Galloway, dies there-William the Lion-Castle Garrisoned by the English for Twelve Yean-The Castle a Royal Residence-The War of the Scottish Succession-The ( h t l e in the hands of Edward 1.-Frank's Escalade-The Lbrtres Dismantled-Again in the hands of the English-Bullock's Stratagem for its Re-caprurr-David's Tower . . . . . . 21 CHAPTER IV. CASTLE OF EDINBURGH (confinucd). Progress of the City-Ambassidor of Charles VI.-Edinburgh burned-Henry IV, baffled-Albmy's Prophecy-Laws lrgvdiog the Building - of Houses-Sumptuary Laws, 1457-Murder of James I.-Coronationof JarncsI1.-Court Intrigues-Lard Chancellor C r i c h t o n - ~ g ~ c e of the Earl of Douglas-Faction WaR--l'he Castle Resieged--"The Black Dinner"-Edmburgh Walled-Its Strength -Bale-fires . 26 CHAPTER V. EDINBURGH CASTLE (continued). James 111. and his haughty Nobilib-Plots of the Duke of Albany and Earl of Mar-Mysterious Death of Mar-Capture and Escape of the Duke of Altuny-Captivity of James 111.-Richard of Gloucester at Edinburgh-The "Golden Charter" of the City-"The Blue Blanket"-Accession of James 1V.-Tournamen%" The Seven Sisters of Bothwick "-The " Fldden Wall"-The Reign of Jarnes V. -" Cleahse the Causeway !"-Edinburgh under the Factions of Nobles-Hertford Attacks the CastltDeath of Mary of Guise- Queen Mary's Apartments in the CaStle-BLth of James VI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 CHAPTER VI. EDINBURGH CASTLE (continued). The Siege of r573-The City Bombarded from the Castle-Elizabeth's Spy-D~ry's Dispositions for the Siege-Execution of Kirkddy- Repar of the Ruins-Execution of Mortan-Visit of Charles 1.-Procession to Holymod-Comnation of Charles 1.-The Struggle against Epiico-Siege of 1640-The Spectre Drummn-Besieged by Cmmwell-Under the Protector-The Restantion-The Argyles-The Accession of James VI1.-Sentence of the Earl of Argyle-His. clever Escape-Imprisoned lour yms later-The Last Sleep of ArgylcHis Death-Tolture of Covenaoters-Proclamation of W d l i and Maq-The Siege of 16@-Intewiew between Gordon and Dundee-The Cas le invested-Rdiant Defeuce-Capitulation of the Duke of Cordon-The Spectre of Claverhouse . 47 ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J CHAPTER I. P R E H I S T O R ...

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The Castle Hill. solid, and her camage winning and affable to her inferiors.” One of the most ardent of her suitors, on the death of ‘Glammis, was a man named William Lyon, who, on her preferring Campbell of Skipness, vowed by a terrible oath to dedicate his life to revenge. He thus accused Lady Jane and the three others named, and though their friends were inclined to scoff at the idea of treason, the artful addition of “sorcery” was suited to the growing superstition of the age, and steeled against them the hearts of many. Examined on the rack, before the newly-constiat that time. She was of ordinary stature, but her mien wa6 majestic; her eyes full, her face oval, her complexion delicate and extremely fair ; heaven designed that her mind should want none of those perfections a mortal creature can be capable of; her modesty was admirable, her courage above what could be expected from her sex, her jud,ment Mercy was implored in vain, and on the 17th of July-three days after the execution of the Master of Forbes-the beautiful and unfortunate Lady Jane was led from the Castle gates and chained to a stake. “Barrels tarred, and faggots oiled, were piled around her, and she was burned to ashes‘ within view of her son and husband, who beheld the terrible scene from the tower that overlooked it.” On the following night Campbell, frenzied by grief and despair, attempted to escape, but fell over the rocks, and was found next morning dashed out tuted Court of Justiciary, extremity of agony compelled them to assent to whatever was asked, and they were thus condemned by their own lips, Lady Jane was sentenced to perish at the stake on the Castle HilL Her son, her husband, and the old friar were all replaced in David’s Tower, where the first remained a prisoner till 1542. ... Castle Hill. solid, and her camage winning and affable to her inferiors.” One of the most ardent of her ...

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Cnigmillar.] CRAIGMILLAR CASTLE. 61 when descending Craigmillar Hill, a queen’s soldier, who had a loose match in his hand, exploded the powder-barrels, and mortally injured Captain Melville, the kinsman of Sir William Kirkaldy. The latter interred him with military honours in a vault of Edinburgh Castle, where, doubtless, his remains still rest In 1589 there was granted a charter under the great seal to John Ross of the lands of Limpitstoun, which was witnessed in Craigmillar by the Arch- %ishop of St. Andrews, John Lord Hamilton, the Commendator of Arbroath, Maitland of Thirlstane, Walter, Prior of Blantyre, and others. Calderwood relates, that in January, 1590, when Jaines VI. was sitting in the Tolbooth, hearing to the gibbet by forty and fifty at a time. in the sight of Edinburgh and Leith. In 1573 the Loyalists, says Crawford of Drumsoy, sent a strong body of horse and foot, in hope to capture the Regent Morton at Dalkeith in the aight; but found him ready to receive them on Sheriff-hall Muir, from whence he drove them in as far as the Burghmuir, and only lost the Laird of Kirkmichael and some fifty men. Few were killed, recent rains having wetted the gun-matches ; but its ofice houses and grass,” it was advertised to be let in the Edinburgh Cowant for 11th March, 1761. In that year Sir Alexander Gilmour of Craigmillar was elected M.P. for the county. We cannot dismiss the subject of Craigmillar without a brief glance at some of those who occupied it Sir Simon Preston, who obtained it from John de Capella, traced his descent up to Leolph de Preston, who lived in the reign of William the Lion; and, according to Douglas, his father was Sir John Preston, who was taken at the battle of Durham in 1346, and remained in the Tower of London until ransomed. In 1434 Sir Henry Preston of Craigmillar (whose the case of the Laird of Criigmillar, who was sueing for a divorce against his wife, the Earl of Bothwell forcibly carried off one of the most important witnesses to his Castle of Crichton, threatening him with the gallows, ‘&as if there had been no king in Israel.” It was not until after the beginning of the present century that the castle was permitted to fall into ruin and decay, which it did rapidly. It was in perfect preservation, no doubt, when, with ‘‘ all PEFFER MILL-HOUSE. ... CRAIGMILLAR CASTLE. 61 when descending Craigmillar Hill, a queen’s soldier, who had a loose match in ...

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iv OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. CHAPTER VII. PAGE EDINBURGH CASTLE (conclzded). . The Torture of Neville Payne-Jacobite Plots-Entombing the Regalia-Project for Surprising the Foltress-Right of Sanctuary Abolished -Lord Drummond's Plot-Some Jacobite Prisoners-'' Rebel Ladies"- James Macgregor-The Castle Vaults-Attempts at Escape- Fears as to the Destruction of the Crown, Sword, and Sceptre-Crown-room opened in 1794-Again in 1817, and the Regalia brought forth-Mons Megseneml Description of the whole Castle . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 CHAPTER VIII. . THE CA~STLE HILL. Doyglas-Castle Hill Promenade-Question as to the Proprietary of the Esplanade and Castle Hill . . . . . . . . The Esplanade or Castle Hill-The Castle Banks-The Celtic Crosses-The Secret Passage and Well house Tower-The Church on the Castle Hill-The Reservoir-The House of Allan Ramsay-Executions for Treason, Sorcery, &.-The Master of Forbes-Lady Jane 79 CHAPTER IX. THE CASTLE HILL (conczuded). 'Dr. Guthrie's O~pinal Ragged School-Old Homes in the Street of the Castle Hill-Duke of Gordon's House, Blair's Close-Webster's Close -Dr. Alex. Webster-Eoswell s Court-Hyndford House-Assembly Hdl-Houses of the Marquis of Argyle, Sir Andrew Kennedy, the Earl of Cassillis, the Laud of cockpen--Lord Semple's House-Lord Semple-Fah of Mary of Guise-Its Fate . . . . 87 CHAPTER X. T H E LAWNMARKET. The Lawnmarket-RiSjt-The Weigh-houstMajor Somerville and captain Crawford-AndeMn's Pills-Myhe's Court-James's Gourt-Sir John Lauder-Sir Islay Campbell-David Hume--" Cprsica" Boswell-Dr. Johnso-Dr. Blki-" Gladstone's Land "-A Fire in 1771 94 CHAPTER XI. THE LAWNMARKET (continued). Lady Stair's Close-Gray of Pittendrum-"Aunt Margaret's M rror"-The Marshal Earl and Countess of Stair-Miss Feme-Sir Richard Steel-Martha Countess of Kincardine-Bums's Room in Barfer's C1o.e-The Eridges' Shop ih Bank Stxet-Bailie MacMorran's Story-Sir Francis Grant of Cullen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I02 CHAPTER XII. THE LAWNMARKET' (continued). The Story of Deacon Brodie-His Career of Guilt-Hanged on his own Gibbet-Mauchine's Close, Robet? Gourlay's Hoiise and the other Old Houses therein-The Rank of Scotland, 16~5-Assassination of Sir Gorge hckhart-Taken Red Hand-Punishment of Chiesly I12 CHAPTER XIII. THE LAWNMARKET (concluded). Gosford's Close- The Town House of the Abbot of Cambu~kcnncth-Tennant's House-Mansion of the Hays-Liberton's Wynd-Johnnie Dowie's Tavern-Burns a d His Songs-The Place of Execution-Birthplace of "The Man of Feeling"-The Mirror Club- Forrester's Wynd-The Heather Stacks in the Houses-Peter Williamn-Beith's Wynd-Habits of the Lawnmarket Woollen Traders-"Lawnmarket Gazettes "-Melbourne Place-The County Hall-The Signet and Advocates' Libraries . . . . . I I8 CHAPTER XIV. T H E TOLBOOTH. Memori-1s of the Heart of Midlothian, or Old Tolbooth-Sir Walter Scott's Description-The Early Tolhth-The "Robin Hod" Disturbances-Noted Prison-Entries from the Records--Lord Burleigh's Attempts at Escape-The Porteous Mob-The Stories of Katherine Nairne and of Jam- Hay-The Town Guard-The Royal Bedesmen . . . . . . . . . . . . 12; ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. CHAPTER VII. PAGE EDINBURGH CASTLE (conclzded). . The Torture of Neville ...

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332 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [1745- General Preston saluted with cannon the officers of State who returned to Edinburgh on the 13th November, and hauled down his colours, which had been flying since the 16th of September. Guest then assumed the command, and was nobly rewarded, while Preston was consigned to neglect, and the humble memorial of his long service was laid in vain before the Duke of Cumberland. Thus he reaped no advantage from his loyal adherence to confined in damp vaults, and treated by the imtated soldiers with every indignity and opprobrium. To these were soon added a multitude of prisoners of all ranks, belonging to the regiments of Buckley, Berwick, and Clare, of the Irish Brigade in the French service, captured by the Mi&~ord Haven (40 guns), on board the Luis XK, off Montrose. On the 9th December, Lord John Drummond, en route to join the Prince in England, marched THE WEIGH-HOUSE (From a Drawk~ ay Storcr, #ubZished in 1820.) the House of Hanover, whose policy it was then to slight the Scots in every way. By a letter from the Lord President to the Marquis of Tweeddale (the last Scottish Secretary of State), we learn that at this crisis bank notes had ceased to be current, that all coin was locked up, “so that the man of best credit in this country cannot command a shilling;” that bills on Edinburgh or London were of no value ; and that bills drawn for the subsistence of the Earl of Loudon’s regiment had been returned protested. On the departure of the Prince the Castle was crowded with those persons who had fallen under the suspicion of Government ; among these were -Alexander Earl of Kellie, and upwards of sixty gentlemen, all of whom were heavily ironed, closely through Edinburgh, with 800 men and a train of 18-pounders. He sent a drummer to the Castle to effect an exchange of these prisoners, without avail; and sixteen who were proved to have been deserters from our army in Flanders were thrown into the Castle pit, from whence four were taken to the gallows in the Grassmarket. In the same month young Macdonald of Kinlochmoidart, aidedecamp to the Prince, was treacherously captured in the night, near Lesmahago, by the Reverend Mr. Linning, who, as the price of his blood, received the incumbency of that parish, acccrding to “ Forbes’s Memoirs ” ; and from the Castle he was taken to Carlisle, where he was hanged, drawn, and quartered. About the end of November, when the High ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [1745- General Preston saluted with cannon the officers of State who returned to ...

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great leaders of that movement, and with cold and hard hostility they gazed upon her wasted but once beautifiil' features, as she conjured them in moving terms to be loyal men and true to Mary, the girlqueen of Scotland and of France, and touchingly she implored the forgiveness of all. The apartment in which she expired is one of those in the royal lodging, within the present half - moon battery. The rites of burial were denied her body, and it lay in the Castle lapped in lead-till carpets; the tables were of massive oak elaborately carved ; the chairs of gilded leather with cushions she had " eleven tapestries of gilded leather; right of the ' Judgment of Paris'; five of the ' Triumph of Virtue' j eight of green velvet brocaded with great trees bearing armorial shields and holly branches ; ten of cloth of gold and brocaded taffeta ; thirty more of massive cloth of gold, one bearing the story of the Count de Foix, eight bearing the ducal arms of Longueville, five having the history of King Rehoboam; four the hunts of the Unicorn; as many more of the story of Eneis, and EDINBURGH CASTLE, FROM THE SOUTH-WEST. (Fa-simile 4f a Dutch Engraving fmm a Dmwing ay *don of RotUmay.) ... leaders of that movement, and with cold and hard hostility they gazed upon her wasted but once beautifiil' ...

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amounted to 500 men.” This enumeration probably includes wounded. On the 13th of June the duke pulled down the king’s flag, and hoisted a white one, surrendering, on terms, by which it was stipulated that the soldiers should have their full liberty, and Colonel Winram have security for his life and estates; while Major Somerville, at the head of zoo bayonets, took all the posts, except the citadel. The duke drew up his forlorn band, now reduced to fifty oficers and men, in the ruined Grand Parade, and thanking them for their loyal services, gave each a small sum to convey him home; and as hands were shaken all round, many men wept, and so ended For nearly four-and-twenty hours on both sides the fire was maintained with fury, but slackened about daybreak. “In the Castle only one man was killed-a gunner, whom a cannon ball had cut in two, through a gun-port, but many were weltering in their blood behind the woolpacks and in the trenches, where the number of slain not to serve against William of Orange. HC died in the year 1716, at his residence in the citadel of Leith. The Castle was once more fully repaired, and presented nearly the same aspect in all its details as we find it today. The alterations were conducted under John Drury (chief of the Scottish Engineers), who gave his name to one of the bastions on the south; and Mylne’s Mount, another on the north, is so named from liis assistant, Robert Mylne, king’s master-mason and hereditary mastergunner of the fartress ; and it was after this last siege that the round turrets, or echauguettes, were added to the bastions. the siege. Though emaciated by long toil, starvation, and gangrened wounds, the luckless soldiers were cruelly treated by the rabble of the city. The capitulation was violated j Colonel Winram was seized as a prisoner of war, and the duke was placed under close arrest in his own house, ~ Blair’s Close, but was released on giving his parole INNEK GATEWAY OF THE CASTLE. ... to 500 men.” This enumeration probably includes wounded. On the 13th of June the duke pulled down ...

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west Port.] THE TILTING GROUND. 225 centuries,” and the access thereto from the Castle must have been both inconvenient and circuitous. It has been supposed that the earliest buildings -on this site had been erected in the reign of James IV., when the low ground to the westward was the scene of those magnificent tournaments, which drew to that princely monarch7s court the most brilliant chivalry in Europe, and where those combats ensued of which the king was seldom an idle spectator. This tilting ground remained open and unen- ~ appointed for triell of suche matters.” Latterly the place bore the name of Livingstone’s Yards. We have mentioned the acquisition by the city of the king‘s stables at the Restoration. Lord Fountainhall records, under date I rth March, 1685, a reduction pursued by the Duke of Queensberry, as Governor of the Castle, against Thomas Boreland and other possessors of these stables, as part of the Castle precincts and property. Boreland and others asserted that they held their property in THE GRASSMARKET, FROM THE WEST PORT, 1825. (Afhh’wbmk.) closed when Maitland wrote. and is described by I virtue of a feu granted in the reign of James V., him as a pleasant green space, 150 yards long, by 50 broad, adjoining the Chapel of Our Lady ; but this “pleasant green” is now intersected by the‘ hideous Kingsbridge ; one portion is occupied by the Royal Horse Bazaar and St. Cuthbert’s Free Church, while the rest is made odious by tan-pits, slaughter-houses, and other dwellings of various descriptions. Calderwood records that in the challenge to mortal combat, in 1571, between Sir William I Kirkaldy of Grange, and Alexander Stewart younger of Garlies, they were to fight “upon the ground, the Baresse, be-west the West Port of Edinburgh, the place accustomed and of old , I 77 but the judges decided that unless thedefenders could prove a legal dissolution of the royal possession, they must be held as the king‘s stables, and be accordingly annexed to the crown of Scotland Thomas Boreland’s house, one which long figured in every view of the Castle from the foot of Vennel {see Vol. I., p. 80), has recently been pulled down. It was a handsome and substantial edifice of three storeys in height, including the dormer windows, crow-stepped, and having three most picturesque gables in front, with a finely moulded door, on the lintel of which were inscribed a date and legend :- T. B. v. B. 1675. FEAR. GOD. HONOR . THE. KING. ... Port.] THE TILTING GROUND. 225 centuries,” and the access thereto from the Castle must have been both ...

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your king, and will yield it to no power whatever. But I respect that of the Parliament, and require six days to consider its demand; for most important is my charge, and my councillors, alas ! are now few,” she added, bursting into tears, probably as she thought of the many “ Who on Flodden’s trampled sod, Rendered up their souls to God.” For their king and for their country, Alarmed at a refusal so daring, Angus entreated PLAN OF EDINRURGH, SHOWING THE FLODDEN WALL. (Snscd on &rdon of Rothiemy’s Mnp, 1647.) her brother, Henry VIII., by complaining that she had been little else than a captive in the Castle Edinburgh. Meanwhile the Duke of Albany had taken UP his residence at Holyrood, and seems to have proceeded, between 1515-16, with the enlargement the royal buildings attached to the Abbey House, in continuation of the works carried on there by the late king, till the day of Flodden. Throughout the minority of James V. Edinburgh continued tO her to obey the Estates, and took an instrument to the effect that he had no share in it; but she remained inexorable, and the mortified delegates returned to report the unsuccessful issue of their mission. Aware that she was unable to contend with the Estates, she secretly retired with her sons to Stirling, and, after placing them in charge of the Lords Borthwick and Fleming, returned to her former residence, though, according to Chalmers, she had no right of dowry therein. Distrusting the people, and, as a Tudor, distrusted by them, she remained aloof from all, until one day, escorted by Lord Home and fifty lances, she suddenly rode to the Castle of Blackadder (near Berwick), from be disturbed by the armed contentions of the nobles, especially those of Angus and Arran ; and in a slender endeavour to repress this spirit the salary of the Provost was augmented, and a small guard of halberdiers was appointed to attend him. Among those committed prisoners to the Castle by Albany were the Lord Home and his brother William for treason; they escaped, but were retaken, and beheaded 16th October, 1516, and their heads were placed on the Tolbooth.* Huntly and Moray were next prisoners, for fighting at the head of their vassals in the streets; and the next was Sir Lewk Stirling, for an armed brawl. -- ... king, and will yield it to no power whatever. But I respect that of the Parliament, and require six days to ...

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the permanent and undisputed capital of Scotland. Sorrow and indignation spread over all the realm when the fate of James was heard, and no place seemed to afford such security to the royal person as the impregnable Castle of Edinburgh j thus Queen Jane, ignorant of the ramifications of that .conspiracy by which her princely husband was ,slain (actually in her arms), instantly joined her .son James II., who since his birth had dwelt there. It was then in the hands of William Baron .of Crichton-a powerful, subtle, and ambitious statesman, who was Master of the Household. with every solemnity, on the 25th of March, 1437. The queen-mother was named his guardian, with an allowance of 4,000 merks yearly, and Archibald the great Earl of Uouglas and Angus (Duke of Touraine) was appointed lieutenant-general of the kingdom. During the two subsequent years the little king resided entirely in the Castle under the custody of Crichton, now Lord Chancellor, greatly to the displeasure of the queen and her party, who found him thus placed completely beyond their control or influence. In short, it was no longer the queen-mother, RUINS OF THE WELL-HOUSE TOWER. (~m a D7awifirb W ~ Z Z ~ ~ X . paton, R.s.A.) Within forty days nearly all concerned in the imurder of the late king were brought to Edinburgh, where the ignoble were at once consigned to the hangman; but for the Earl of Athol and bother titled leaders were devised tortures worthy .alone of Chinese or Kaffir ingenuity. Crowned by a red-hot diadem as " King of Traitors," at the Market Cross, after undergoing three days of un- .exampled agonies in sight of the people and the Papal Nuncio, afterwards Pius II., the body of the earl was dragged nude through the streets ; it was then beheaded and quartered. On the assembly of the Lords of Parliament, -their first care was the coronation of James II., -who was conducted in procession from the Castle $0 the church of Holyrood, where he was crowned, but the crafty Crichton, who had uncontrolled custody of the little sovereign, and who thus was enabled to seize the revenues, and surround him by a host of parasites, who permitted neither her, nor the Regent, Sir Alexander Livingstone of Callender, to have any share in the government A bitter feud was the consequence, and Scotland again was rent into two hostile factions, a state of matters of which the English could not, as usual, make profit, as they were embroiled among themselves. The queen remained with the regent at Stirling, while her son was literally a prisoner at Edinburgh ; but, womanlike, the mother formed a plan of her own to outwit the enemy. Visiting the Castle, she professed a great regard for the Chancellor, and a desire to be with her son, ... permanent and undisputed capital of Scotland. Sorrow and indignation spread over all the realm when the fate ...

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England, but they failed to excite mutiny ; yet a plan was formed by which it was expected that the Castle and city would both fall into the hands of the Friends of the People, who were secretly arming. The design was this :- “A fire was to be raised near the excise office, which would require the attendance of the soldiers, who were to be met on their way by a body of the THE WHITE HART INN, GRASSMARKET. committee of “ Sense and Money” was formed to procure them. Two smiths, named Robert Orrock and William Brown, who had enrolled, received orders to make 4,000 pikes, some of which were actually completed, delivered to Watt, and paid for by Downie in his capacity as treasurer. Meanwhile the trials of Skirving, Margarot, and . Gerald, had taken place, for complicity to a certain to issue from the West Bow, confine the soldiers between two forces, and cut off all retreat. The Castle was next to be attempted, the judges and magistrates were to be,seized, and all the public banks to be secured. A proclamation was then to be issued, ordering all farmers to bring in their grain to the market as usual, and enjoining all country gentlemen unfriendly to the cause to keep within their houses, or three miles of them, under penalty of death. Then an address was to be sent to his Majesty, commanding him to put an end to the war, to change his ministers, or take the consequences ! ” Similar events were to take place in Dublin and London on the same night Before this startling scheme could be effected, arms of all descriptions were necessary, and a third until about the 15th of May, 1794 that Watt and Downie were apprehended. On that day it chanced that two sheriff officers when searching the house of the former for the secreted goods of a bankrupt, found some pikes, which they conveyed to the sheriff’s chambers. A warrant was issued to search the whole premises, and in the cellars a form of types from which the address to the troops had been printed, and a great quantity of pikes, were discovered, while in the house, thirty-three in various stages of completion were found. Hence, early on the morning of June and, Watt, Downie, and. Orrock, were conveyed from the old Tolbooth to the Castle, as State prisoners, and lodged in the strong apartment above the portcullis. True bills of indictment being found against ... but they failed to excite mutiny ; yet a plan was formed by which it was expected that the Castle and ...

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reality as a spy from Elizabeth. “He was next visited, in a pretended friendly manner, by Sir Williain Drury, Elizabeth’s Marshal of Berwick, the same who built Drury House in Wych Street, London, and who fell in a duel with Sir John Burroughs about precedence, and from whom Drury Lane takes its name. When about to enter the Castle gate, an English deserter, who had enlisted under Queen Mary, in memory of some grudge, was about to shoot him with his arquebuse, ROOM IN EDINBURGH GASTLE IN WHICH JAMES VI. WAS BORN. began to invest the Castle with his paid Scottish companies, who formed a battery on the Cast!e hill, from which Kirkaldy drove them all in rout on the night of the 15th. On the following day, Sir William Drury, in direct violation of the Treaty of Blois, which declared “that no foreign troops should enter Scotland,” at the head of the old bands of Berwick, about 1,500 men, marched for Edinburgh. A trumpeter, on the 25th of April, summoned Kirkaldy to surrender j but he replied Kirkaldy. This courtesy was ill-requited by his red flag on David‘s Tower as a token of resistance of the walls, &c.” In anticipation of a siege, the citizens built several traverses to save the High Street from being enfiladed ; one of these, formed between the Thieves’ Hole and Bess Wynd, was two ells in thickness, composed of turf and mud; and another near it was two spears high. In the city, the Parliament assembled on the I 7th of January, with a sham regalia of gilt brass, as Kirkaldy had the crown and real regalia in the Castle. When joined by some English pioneers, Morton by the 15th of May. These were armed with thirty guns, including two enormous bombardes or roo-pounders, which were loaded by means of a crane ; a great carthoun or £er ; and many 18-pounders. There was also a movable battery of falcons. Under the Regent Morton, the first battery was on the high ground now occupied by the Heriot’s Hospital; the second,under Drury,opposed to St. Margaret’s Tower, was near the Lothian Road ; the third, under Sir C-eorge Carey, and the ... as a spy from Elizabeth. “He was next visited, in a pretended friendly manner, by Sir Williain Drury, ...

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I20 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [COrStOrphiie. fact came to her kcoivledge. Inspired with fury she repaired at once to the castle of Corstorphine, and finding that he was drinkiig at a tavern in the village, sent for him, and they met in the garden at a tree near the old dovecot, which marked the spot. A violent altercation ensued between them, and in the midst of it, she snatched his sword from his side, ran him through the body and killed him on the instant. (Fountainhall.) “The inhabitants of th’e village,” says C. Kirksought to extenuate it on the plea that Lord Forrester was intoxicated and furious, that he ran at her ’ with his sword, on which she took it from him to protect herself, and he fell upon it; but this was known to be false, says Fountainhall. She practised a deception upon the court by which her sentence of death was postponed for two months, during which, notwithstanding the care of her enjoined on John Wan, Gudeman of the Tolbooth, she escaped in male apparel but was captured by the Ruthvens CORSTORPHINE CHURCH. patrick Sharpe, in his Notes to Kirkton’s “ History,” “ still relate some circumstances of the murder not recorded by Fountainhall. Mrs. Nimmo, attended by her maid, had gone from Edinburgh to the castle of Corstorphine,” and adds that after the murder “she took refuge in a garret of the castle, but was discovered by one of her slippers, which dropped through a crevice of the floor. It need scarcely be added, that till lately the inhabitants of the village were greatly annoyed of a moonlight night by the appearance of a woman clothed in white, with a bloody sword in her hand, wandering and wailing near the pigeon-house.” Being seized and brought before the Sheriffs of Edinburgh, she made a confession of her crime, but next day at Fala MilL On the 12th of November, 1679, she was beheaded at the market cross, when she appeared on the scaffold in deep mourning, laying aside a large veil, and baring her neck and shoulders to the executioner with the utmost courage. Though externally a Presbyterian it was said at the time “that a dispensation from the Pope to marry the woman who murdered him was found in his (Lord Forrester’s) closet, and that his delay in using it occasioned her fury.” (‘< Popery and Schism,” p. 39.) Connected with this murder, a circumstance very characteristic of the age took place. The deceased peer leaving onIy heirs of his second marriage, who ... OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [COrStOrphiie. fact came to her kcoivledge. Inspired with fury she repaired at once to ...

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THE Castle Hill,” says Dr. Chambers, “ is partly ’ an esplanade, serving as a parade ground for the garrison, and partly a street, the upper portion of that vertebral line which, under the names of Lawnbeen characterised as “ hovels that are a disgrace to Europe.” In lists concerning the Castle of Edinburgh, the first governor appears to have been Thomas de Cancia in I 147 ; the first constable, David Kincaid of Coates House, in 1542 ; and the first State prisoner warded therein Thomas of. Colville in 12 10, for conspiring against William the Lion. We may fittingly take leave of the grand old ‘( Archzologia Scotica,” which contains an “ Elegie on the great and famous Blew Stone which lay on the Castle Hill, and was interred there.” On this relic, probably a boulder, a string of verses form , Castle in the fine lines of Burns’s “Address to Edinburgh ” :- ~ “ There, watching high the least alarms, Thy rough, rude fortress gleams afar; Like some bold ver’ran, grey in arms, And marked with many a seamy scar ; The pond’rous wall and massy bar, Grim rising o’er the rugged rock, Have oft withstood assailing war, And oft repelled th’ invader’s shock.” market, High Street, and Canongate, extends to I the doggerel elegy :- Holyrood Palace f but it is with the Esplanade and banks we have chiefly to deal at present. Those who now see the Esplanade, a peaceful open space, 5 10 feet in length by 300 in breadth,with the squads of Highland soldiers at drill, or the green bank that slopes away to the north, covered with beautiful timber, swarming in summer with little ones in care of their nurses, can scarcely realise that thereon stood the ancient Spur, before which so many men have perished RUNIC CROSS, CASTLE BANK. sword in hand, and that it was the arena of so many revolting executions by the axe and stake, for treason, hereay, and sorcery. It lay in a rough state till 1753, when the earth taken from the foundations of the Royal Exchange \vas spread over it, and the broad flight of forty steps which gave access to the drawbridge was buried. The present ravelin before the half-moon was built in 1723 ; but alterations in the level must have taken place prior to that, to judge from “Our old Blew Stone, that’s His marrow may not be; Large, twenty feet in length His bulk none e’er did Doiir and dief, and run with When he preserved men. Behind his back a batterie Contrived with packs of Let’s now think on, since We ’re in the Castle’s dead and gone, he was, ken ; grief, was, woo, he is gone, view.“ The woolpacks evidently refer to the siege of 1689. The Esplanade was impraved in 1816 by a parnpet and railing on the north. and a fea years after by a low mall on the south, strengthened by alternate towers and turrets. A bronze statue of the Duke of York and Albany, K.G., holding his marshal’s b%ton, was erected on the north side in 1839, and a little lower down are two Celtic memorial crosses of remarkable beauty. The larger and more ornate of them was erected in 1862, by the officers and soldiers of the 78th Ross-shire Highlanders, to the memory of their comrades who fell during the revolt in India in 1857-8 j and the ... Castle Hill,” says Dr. Chambers, “ is partly ’ an esplanade, serving as a parade ground for the garrison, and ...

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